Cultural Belief and Immunization in Birnin Kebbi Local Government Area, Kebbi State, Nigeria

Cultural Belief and Immunization in Birnin Kebbi Local Government Area, Kebbi State, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

The hostility of community member towards immunization has been a concern to the health workers and this has been attributed to their cultural belief.

The objective of this study is therefore to examine cultural beliefs and immunization of children. 120 questionnaire were administered were designed for three categories of respondents who are parent, health personnel’s and traditional and religious leaders.

Each group mentioned was administered with 40 questionnaires each as they were randomly sampled from each group. Simple percentage and chi- square was used to present the result of the questionnaire and the hypothesis.

The result showed that cultural beliefs affect people’s response to the immunization programme in Birnin Kebbi local government areas, that the attitudes of people toward immunization of children have affected the effectiveness of the immunization programme in Birnin Kebbi local government area.

Lastly, the immunization program has help eradicate some diseases within Birnin Kebbi local government areas.

Conclusively, the cultural beliefs of those in the community have affected the effectiveness of the programme therefore it was recommended that there is need for more awareness and reorientation on immunization.

TABLE CONTENTS

Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
Abstract vi
Table of contents vii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.0 Background of the study 1
1.1 Statement of the problem 4
1.2 Research Question 5
1.3 Research Objectives 6
1.4 Significance of the study 6
1.5 Scope limitation of the study 7
1.6 Definition of the terms 7

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Introduction 10
2.1.0 Conceptual Definitions 10
2.1.1 Cultural Aspect 10
2.2 Concept of Beliefs 12
2.3 Immunization 14
2.4 Forms Types of immunization 15
2.5 Children 16
2.6 Empirical Review 17
2.7 Theoretical frame work 21
2.8 Research Hypothesis 25

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

3.0 Introduction 26
3.1 Research Design 26
3.2 Study Area 26
3.3 Study population 28
3.4 Sample Size and Sampling Procedure 28
3.5 Method of Data Collection 28
3.6 Method of Data Analysis 29
3.7 Ethical Consideration 29

CHAPETR FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction 30
4.2 Data Presentation 30
4.3 Hypothesis 51
4.4 Discussion of the Finding 54

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Introduction 56
5.2 Summary 56
5.3 Summary of the finding 58
5.4 Conclusion 58
5.5 Recommendation 58
5.6 Suggestion for further Research 59
References 60
Appendix 1 63
Appendix 2 79

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

Generally speaking, immunization is not newly introduced in this world. This is because it was shown in history that our forefathers have their own traditional ways of immunizing themselves and their families, through the use of leaves of trees, minerals vegetable and armlet.

But nowadays due to the existence and establishment of new modern health care facilities that immunization becomes modernized.

The concept of immunization or how to artificially induce the body to resist infection, received a big boost in 1796 when Edward Jenner the first world’s vaccinator, inoculated a young boy in England and successfully prevented him from getting smallpox.

He also used a lancet to scratch some infected material from a woman with cowpox (similar to smallpox) under the boy’s skin. Journal list>proc (bayl univ med cent) (2005, 18(1):21-25).

Nigeria’s expanded programmed on immunization [EPI] was first initiated in 1979 and the federal government of Nigeria, through the federal ministry of health continues to place high priority on immunization.

REFERENCES

Abdullahi S.A et al; (2009). Studies in cultural sociology. Printed By Foludex Printers, Ibadan Nigeria.

Allport B.and Mullex (1979) Understanding people attitude. Holt and Winstar Press, New York, Pp 60-70.

Back, C. and Oscamp D. (1977) Social Psychology. Published in Canada. Centers for Disease control and prevention (CDC) (2014), State immunization laws. Washington DC: Government printing Office, Washington DC. Encyclopedia of Sociology Vol. I, pg 146.

Hartisan, K. (1976), The Effect of Verbal Reinforcement and Social responsibility, Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 62(177)

Hooper, E. (1999), The River: A Journey to the Source of HIV/AIDS, Little, Brown and Company Press, New York.

Mark, R. and Darden, P. (1999) Children’s’ Immunization: The gap between parents and providers. Health Mark Quarterly, 16(4) 714.