Comparison Of Anti-Dandruff Activity Of Synthetic Shampoos And Crude Plant Extracts On Dandruff Causing Isolate.
ABSTRACT
With dandruff being everyday problem and the market loaded with antidandruff shampoos and such skin care products; it is obvious to assume resourceful research into this area.
To check its antidandruff activity, experiments was conducted on Malassezia furfur the causal organism for dandruff which was isolated using SDA with olive oil.
The cup plate method was used to compare the antidandruff activities of the synthetic shampoos and plant extracts.
Among the plant extracts tested, Lemon showed the highest zone followed by lime, Neem plant and aloe vera while among the synthetic antidandruff shampoo venoz showed the highest zone followed by Adal A hair shampoo, vintage and 24 hours shampoo.
Comparatively the plant extracts shampoos showed a high zone of inhibition than the shampoos. Medicinal plants have some natural Antimicrobial property and therefore such combination could be a potential antidandruff activity.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Certification ii
Approval Page iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vi
Table of Contents vii
List of Tables viii
List of Figures ix
INTRODUCTION 1
Aim 2
LITERATURE REVIEW 3
Dandruff 3
Plants Used 10
Lime 10
Aloe Vera 13
Lemon 15
Neem Plant 18
MATERIALS AND METHODS 22
RESULTS 25
DISCUSSION 28
CONCLUSION 30
REFERENCES 31
INTRODUCTION
Dandruff is a scalp disorder which is characterized by excessive shedding of skin cells from the scalp. It is a common problem faced by people of all age groups.
As the epidermal layer continually replaces itself, cells are pushed outward where they eventually die and flake off. For most individuals, these flakes of skin are too small to be visible. However, certain conditions cause cell turnover to be unusually rapid, especially in the scalp.
It is hypothesized that for people with dandruff, skin cells may mature and be shed in 2–7 days, as opposed to around a month in people without dandruff.
The result is that dead skin cells are shed in large, oily clumps, which appear as white or grayish flakes on the scalp, skin and clothes (De Angelis et al., 2005).
Yeast like lipophilic basidiomyceteous fungus Malassezia furfur [Pytirosporum ovale] is the causative organism for dandruff (Arora et al., 2011). Malassezia converts the sebum lipid into fatty acids and triglycerides, which accelerate hyperproliferation of keratinoytes (Singla et al., 2011).
The treatment options [ointments, lotions, shampoos] currently available for management of dandruff have zinc pyrithione, salicylic acid, imidazole derivatives, selenium sulphide, tar derivatives, ketocanazole etc. as key ingredients (Vijayakumar et al.,2006).
These synthetic treatment options have certain limitations, which may be due to poor efficacies or due to compliance issues (Vijayakumar et al., 2006).
These are unable to prevent reoccurrence of dandruff with side effects that cannot be neglected. The best approach to treat dandruff is to use plants and herbal formulations which possess antidandruff properties.
REFERENCES
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Adamski, Z. (1995): Study of a role played by Malasseziafurfur (Pityrosporum ovale, Pityrosporum orbiculare) in dermatology. Postepy Dermatologii, 12:351-454.
Agrawal, D. P. (2005): Medicinal properties of Neem. New Findings.
Anna, H.P. (2006): Neem: India’s tree of life. BBC News.22
Arora, P., Nanda, A. and Karan, M. (2011): Plants used in management of Dandruff. The Indian Pharmacist, 28-31.
Arora, P., Nanda, A., and Karan, M. (2013): Screening of plant essential oils for antifungal activity against malassezia furfur. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5(2); 37-39.
Ashbee, H. R., and Scheynius, A. (2010): Malassezia. In: Ashbee HR, Bignell EM, editors. Pathogenic yeasts. The yeast handbook. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, pp.209-230.
Balakrishnan, K.P., Nithya, N., Soosamma, M., and Karuna, G. (2011): Evaluation of some medicinal plants for their dandruff control properties. International Journal of Pharma Bio Sciences, 2(4); 16-22.
BBC Gardening, Aloe vera. (2008): British Broadcasting Corporation.
Bhambal, A., Sonal, K., Sudhanshu, S., and Manish, J. (2011): Comparative effect of neem stick and toothbrush on plaque removal and gingival health – A clinical trial. Journal of Advanced Oral Research, 2(3):51–56.
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