Dietary Habit And Nutritional Status of Sickle Cell Patient In University of Benin Teaching Hospital (Ubth) Edo State Nigeria
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ABSTRACT
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of disorder that affect hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cell throughout the body.
People with this disorders have a typical hemoglobin molecule called hemoglobin S, which can distort red blood cells into sickle or crescent shape.
Characteristic features of this disorder include a low number of red blood cells (Anemia), repeated infections and periodic episodes of pain.
The aim of this study is to understand how the eating habit of people with SCD affect their nutritional status and how the micro nutrient contend in this food affect the severity and frequency of painful episode.
A sample of 171 patients were gotten from the university of Benin teaching hospital by simple random sampling and their anthropometric measurements were taken, each was given a questionnaire and data was collected using this questionnaire.
According to data collected, it was noted that their dietary habit on the consumption of meals like poultry, rice, beans and beef did not affect their BMI and frame size but affected the severity and frequency of painful episodes.
Those that always consume poultry, beans and rice experience lesser frequency and severity of pain than those that always consume beef.
The fact that red meat has the highest concentration of zinc(stallings,1999), which in high concentration causes anemia, impaired immune system(Anderson,1998), thereby causing high frequency and severity of pain. In conclusion patients with SCD should reduce their intake of beef(red meat).
INTRODUCTION
Sickle cell disease is a group disorders that affects heamoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cells throughout the body.
People with this disorder have typical hemoglobin molecule called heamoglobin S, which can distort red blood cells into a sickle or crescent shape.
Signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease usually begin in early childhood. Characteristic feature of this disorder includes a low number of red blood cell(anemia), repeated infection and periodic episode of pain.
The severity of the symptom varies from person to person, some people have mild symptoms while others are frequently hospitalized for more serious complications.
The signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease are caused by the sickling of red blood cells. When red bloods cell sickle, they break down prematurely which can lead to anemia.
Anemia can cause shortness of breath, fatigue, and the delayed growth and development in children. The rapid breakdown of red blood cells may also cause yellowing of the eyes and skin which are signs of jaundice.
Painful episode can occur when sickled red blood cells which are stiff and inflexible gets stuck in small blood vessels. These episode deprive tissues and organs of oxygen rich blood and can lead to organ damage, especially in the lungs, kidneys, spleen and brain.
A particularly serious complication of sickle cell disease is high blood pressure in the blood vessels that supplies the lungs (pulmonary hypertension), pulmonary hypertension occurs in about 1/3 of adult with sickle cell disease and can lead to heart failure.
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