Causes and Effects of Political Violence in Gombe Metropolis.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page……………… i
DECLARATION………………. ii
APPROVAL PAGE…………………. iii
CERTIFICATION…………… iv
DEDICATION…………. v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………….. vi
LIST OF TABLES……….. xi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
- Introduction…………. 1
- Background of study………… 1
- Statement of the problems……….. 4
- Research questions…………. 6
- Objective of the Study………… 6
- Significance of the Study…………. 7
- Scope of the Study……… 8
- Definition of Terms and Concept………. 8
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
- Introduction………. 10
- Conceptual Review………. 10
- Historical Background to Political Violence in Nigeria………. 13
- Causes of political violence………… 16
- Effects of political violence……… 22
- Victims of political violence……….. 24
- Theoretical framework………… 27
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- Introduction…….. 35
- Location of the Study……… 35
- Population of the Study……….. 36
- Types and Source of Data…….. 36
- Method of Data Collection……… 36
- Sample size and Sampling Techniques………… 37
- Method of Data Analysis………. 40
- Problem Encounter in the Field…………….. 40
CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
- Introduction…………. 42
- Analysis and Interpretation of Data…………. 42
- Discussion of Findings…………… 55
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- Introduction……….. 59
- Summary………. 59
- Conclusion……… 60
- Recommendations……….. 61
REFERENCES……….. 64
INTRODUCTION
The topic of the study; Causes and effects of political violence in Gombe metropolis. And the purpose of this first chapter is to outline the background of the study,
statement of the problem, research questions, objectives of the research, scope of the study and definition of basic terms and concepts.
1.1 Background of the Study
Political violence refers to all collective attacks within a political community against the political regime, its actors- including competing political groups as well as incumbents or its policies (Halliru, 2013).
According to Millington (2007), from confrontations during strikes to the street battles of extremist groups, violence was a feature of interwar European politics, as countries entered an age of mass politics, governments searched for ways to integrate their peoples into the political system.
He stressed that, yet violence as a means of political expression and engagement persisted, even in democratic nations (Millington, 2007).
REFERENCES
Amnesty international Publication (2011), Nigeria: Loss of life, Insecurity and impunity in the run-up to Nigeria‟ by AmnestyInternational, international Secretariat, United Kingdom.
Anifowose, A. (1982), Violence and politics in Nigeria: The Tiv and Yourba Experience. London: Nok Publishers.
Anti-Kalare Records Gombe (Oct. 2007).
Fischer J. (2002),Electoral Conflict and Violence IFES, Washington, D.C. Gboyega A.(2004), Democracy in Nigeria: Dividends, prospects and problems. A paper delivered at the event marking the fifth Anniversary of Return to Civil Democratic Governance in Oyo State.
Hassan, M.M. (2011), Politics and Violence in Bauchi State: a case study of the „Sara-suka Phenomenon, MSc. Thesis Submitted to the Department of Political Science, AhmaduBello University,Zaria-Nigeria
Human Right Watch (2004), Nigeria‟s 2003 Elections: The Unacknowledged Violence, Human Rights Watch, New York.
Ilufoye F. (2006),Electoral Violence in Nigeria, Political History. Lagos: SpectrumReview of Public Administration and Management Vol. 4, No. 8, December 2015.
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