Communicating Stress Management to The Academic Staff of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, For Healthy Living and Higher Productivity.
ABSTRACT
Stress and its fatal consequences on health negatively affect the job performance and productivity of academic staff in our educational institutions.
Against this backdrop, this research was carried out to assess the communication of stress management for healthy living and higher productivity among the academic staff of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
The theory of Health Belief Model, the Diffusion of innovation theory and Victor Vroom’s Motivation theory were used as the theoretical framework for this research.
Triangulation method using the quantitative and qualitative instruments were employed on a study population of Six Hundred and Nineteen (619) reduced to a sample size of Two Hundred and Thirty-eight (238) based on Raosoft (2016) sample size calculation.
Findings from the quantitative data analysis show that, 63.1% of the respondents were not comfortable and feel overwhelmed with their work schedules, which constitute a stressor to them; 87.1% of the respondents were not informed by the University Management about stress management and its strategies.
On the effectiveness of communication channels adopted by the University Management in conveying health awareness messages and campaigns to academic staff, especially on stress management, 96% of the respondents indicate they are ineffective;
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGES
Cover page – – – – – – – – – i
Title page – – – – – – – – – ii
Declaration – – – – – – – – – iii
Certification – – – – – – – – – iv
Dedication – – – – – – – – – v
Acknowledgments – – – – – – – – vi
Abstract – – – – – – – – – vii
List of Figures – – – – – – – – xi
CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study- – – – – – – 1
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem- – – – – 11
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study – – – – – 12
1.4 Research Questions- – – – – – – – 13
1.5 Significance of the Study- – – – – – – 14
1.6 Scope of the Study – – – – – – – – 15
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK
2.1 Introduction – — – – – – – – – 16
2.2 Understanding Stress- – – – – – – – 16
2.3 Signs and Symptoms of Stress Overload- – – – – – 26
2.4 Understanding Stress Management – – – – – – 27
2.5 The Effects of Stress- – – – – – – – 29
2.6 Stress Management Strategies – – – – – – – 30
2.7 Conceptualizing Communication – – – – – – – 32
2.8 Organizational/Institutional Communication- – – – – 37
2.9 Health Communication- – – – – – – – 44
2.10 Health Promotion in the Workplace- – – – – – 47
2.11 The Behavioural Change Approach- – – – – – 50
2.12 Communication Structure in Ahmadu Bello University- – – – 52
2.13 Empirical Review– – – – – – – – – 55
2.14 Theoretical Framework- – – – – – – – 58
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – – 64
3.2 Research Design- – – – – – – – – 64
3.3 Population of the Study- – – – – – – – 65
3.4 Sample Size/Sampling Technique – – – – – – 66
3.5 Instruments for Data Collection – – – – – – 67
3.6 Method of Data Collection- – – – – – – – 69
3.7 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – – – 69
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION
4.1 Data Presentation – – – – – – – – 70
4.2 Data Analysis- – – – – – – – – 71
4.3 Discussion of Findings – – – – – – – 100
4.4 Implication of Findings on Theoretical Framework – – – – 108
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction – – – – – – – 111
5.2 Summary of the Study- – – – – – – 111
5.3 Conclusion- – – – – – – – – 113
5.4 Recommendations- – – – – – – – 114
5.5 Contribution to knowledge- – – – – – – 116
References – – – – – – – – 117
Appendices – – – – – – – – 124
INTRODUCTION
Stress is the opposite of rest. Stress has become a phenomenon that is attracting public attention in developing countries.
Stress has been conceptualized as the change in one’s physical or mental state in response to situations (stressors) that pose challenge or threat to one’s state of health (Krantz et al., 1985; Zimbardo et al., 2003).
The United States National Institute of Health (2002) sees stress as ‗the brain’s response to any demand.
Though stress can help people achieve their goals and propel them through challenging situations, it can also become burdensome causing one to experience significant emotional distress and physical illness.
It is a situation or circumstance that requires behavioural adjustment. It is a catalytic agent to other chronic diseases (Colligan &Higgi, 2005).
Moreover, stress is a condition that arises when an individual experiences a demand that exceeds his or her real perceived abilities to successfully cope with the demand, resulting in disturbance to his or her physiological and psychological equilibrium (Kolbell, 1995).
REFERENCES
Ajayi, I.R. (2000). Research Methods and Statistical Analysis. Ilorin: University of Ilorin.
Alabi, A.T., Murtala, A.T., & Lawal, A.A. (2012). Lecturers’ Work Stress and Job Performance in Kwara State Colleges of Education, Nigeria. Lapai: IbrahimBadamasi University. (Unpublished Master Dissertation).
Anderson, P., and Pulich, M. (2001). Managing Workplace Stress in a Dynamic Environment. Health Care Manager, 19(3), 1-10.
Archibong, I.A., Bassey, A.O., &Effiom, D. (2010). Occupational Stress Sources among University Academic Staff.European Journal of Educational Studies, 2(3).
Atkin, C., & Wallack, L. (Eds.) (1990). Mass Communication and Public Health.Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Backer, T.E., Rogers, E.M., &Sopory, P. (1992). Designing Health Communication Campaigns: What Works?. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
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