Assessment of the Contributions of Non- Governmental Organizations (NGOs) on Women Empowerment.
ABSTRACT
The global nature, incidence and the devastating effects of poverty has not only raised concerns within government circles, but equally among stakeholders and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) on how to tackle the menace.
The basic concern is how to improve and or uplift the living conditions of the poor around the globe and Nigeria in particular. The failure of government in programmes like FEAP, UBE, OFN, Green Revolution, NACA etcetera necessitated a collaboration or partnership with NGOs to help address the problem.
This study assessed the contribution of NGOs (Lift Above Poverty and the Girls Power Initiative) by empowering women towards in poverty reduction in Oredo and Esan North-East Local Government Areas of Edo-South Senatorial District of Edo State.
The study is an attempt to ascertain the extent to which Lift Above Poverty (LAPO) and Girls Power Initiative (GPI) has reduced the incidence of poverty amongst women in Edo State. Data were collected from the primary source through questionnaire, interview as well as observation methods.
Secondary data were sourced from official publications of the LAPO, Reports and News Letters from GPI, publications and official websites of LAPO, complemented our primary data.
Using the Spearman Rank Order Correlation (rs), at Level of Significance (a)= 0.05%, the study found that LAPO recorded better performance in the areas of agriculture, Health, education and skills acquisition both in Oredo and Esan North-East local Government Areas than its counterpart the GPI.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. iii
CERTIFICATION…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. iv
DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………………………………………………………. vi
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. vii
LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. xi
ABBREVIATIONS……………………………………………………………………………………………………… xiii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
- Background to the Study……………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
- Statement of the Research Problem…………………………………………………………………………. 6
- Research Questions……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8
- Objectives of the Study…………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
- Statement of Hypotheses……………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
- Significance of the Study………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
- Scope and Limitations of the Study………………………………………………………………………. 11
- Oprational definitions………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK…………………………….. 144
2.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 144
- The Concept of Poverty………………………………………………………………………………………. 144
Causes of Poverty 18
- Incidence of Poverty…………………………………………………………………………………………… 24
- Indicators or Poverty…………………………………………………………………………………………… 27
- NGOs and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria……………………………………………………………… 322
- Effectiveness of NGOs towards Poverty Reduction among Rural and Urban Community…….. 377
- Review of Empirical Studies on NGOs and Poverty Reduction………………………………. 400
2.3 Theoretical Framework……………………………………………………………………………………… 466
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………………………………………………………………………………… 522
- Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 522
- Research Design……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 522
- Population and sample size of the Study………………………………………………………………. 522
- Sampling Technique………………………………………………………………………………………….. 533
- Sources of Data…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 544
- Administration of Instruments………………………………………………………………………………. 55
CHAPTER FOUR
OVERVIEW OF LAPO AND GPI………………………………………………………………………………. 58
- Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 58
- Overview of Edo State, LAPO and GPI…………………………………………………………………. 58
- Overview of LAPO……………………………………………………………………………………………. 60
- Overview of GPI…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 63
- Related Studies on the achievement of NGOs………………………………………………………… 65
CHAPTER FIVE
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS…………………………………………………………………. 69
- Data Presentation………………………………………………………………………………………………… 69
- Data Analysis…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 70
- Major Findings…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 93
CHAPTER SIX
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………….. 95
- Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 95
- Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 95
- Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 96
- Recommendations………………………………………………………………………………………………. 96
BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 98
List of Appendices…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 105
APPENDIX 1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 105
APPENDIX 1I…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 106
APPENDIX 1II……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 114
APPENDIX 1V…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 115
APPENDIX V: Krejcie and Morgan………………………………………………………………………………. 116
APPENDIX V1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 117
APPENDIX VII………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 118
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Poverty reduction in recent times has become an area of concern to countries around the globe. This is central to the attainment of a nation‟s development.
The idea of improving the living conditions of the poor worldwide informs concerted efforts made by governments and other stake holders if not to eliminate, but reduce poverty to the barest minimum.
Consequently, the growing incidence and devastating effects as well as efforts to reduce poverty have become an issue of great concern to both government and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs).
In Nigeria, the network of NGOs has been on the increase since the 1980s, and in recent times, NGOs are networking with national and international agencies, with the aim of meeting National Economic Empowerment Development Strategy (NEEDS) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015.
NGOs contribute to national development in the areas of poverty reduction, primary healthcares, STDs/AIDS, democracy and good governance, women development and other health related matters, education and functional literacy, the development of the girl child, environmental issues, conflict resolution, drug abuse and human rights (Akpanudoedehe, 2006).
The Statistics Brain Research Institute (SBRI 2014), in its Human Development Report observes that 50% of the world‟s population live below poverty line (i.e $1.50 per day), while more than one quarter of the world‟s population live below extreme poverty line (i.e.
REFERENCES
Briggs, X. S. (1998). “Brown Kids in White Suburbs: Housing Mobility and the Many Faces of Social Capital.” Housing Policy Debate 9:177-221.
Brown 2008; Ebrahim&Weisband 2007; Unerman&O’Dwyer 2006.
Chevron (2003).Chevron -Community Engagement -2003 Annual Report of Contributions. Lagos: Chevron.
Chiazor, I. (2002).The Role of Women Non-Governmental Organizations in Poverty Alleviation: A Case of lift above Poverty Organization in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria. Unpublished Ph.D Dissertation of the University of Calabar.Calabar.
Chiazor, I. (2002).The Role of Women Non-Governmental Organizations in Poverty Alleviation: A Case of lift above Poverty Organization in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria. Unpublished Ph.D Dissertation of the University of Calabar.Calabar. 101 – 123. Faculty of Science.CPD News (2005).Community Partners for Development New Letters.Uyo: CPD.
Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) (2009). Cited in allafrica.com available from www.allafrica.com (accessed 30 September 2015.
Be the first to comment