An Appraisal of The Legal And Institutional Frame Work On Food Sufficiency in Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
One of the goals of Nigeria Agricultural Development policy is to achieve for the nation enough food sufficient for consumption and utterly reduce the rate of dependency on imported foods, with the view of ensuring adequate and affordable food for all.
This research work is aimed at evaluating the food sufficiency situation in Nigeria looking at the intervals between 1991-2016. This research reveals that there is a shortfall in locally produced food.
Taking into account the total population of Nigeria to 3.2% whereas the ratio of domestically produced food has been reduced to 1% which is an indication that the demand for food is far reached and higher than the supply for such food.
Some of the identifiable factors responsible for this include, inconsistency in government policies, corruption, environmental degradation, and unsuitable agricultural produce, therefore this research reveals that Nigeria solely depends to a great extent on imported food.
Finally, this study equally reveals various government policies, institutions, and legal frameworks on achieving food sufficiency in Nigeria.
This research work adopted analytical and comparative approaches in the analysis of relevant materials to the research contained in Nigeria and other international legislation, decided cases, journals, articles, newspapers, and magazines including other relevant internet sources.
The researches equally recommend some vital point which will be a panacea to achieving food sufficiency in Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Approval iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgments v
Abstract vi
Table of content vii
Table of Cases ix
Table of Statutes x
List of Abbreviations xi
Chapter One
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 2
1.3 Objective of Study 2
1.4 Scope of Study 3
1.5 Significant of Study 3
1.6 Methodology 3
1.7 Definition of Terms 7
Chapter Two
HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF THE REGULATION OF FOOD PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA
2.1 Introduction 12
2.2 Method of Food Production in Nigeria 12
2.3 Factors Affecting Food Production 16
2.4 The Global Perspective on Environmental Pollution 22
2.5 Pollution from Oil Spillages 25
Chapter Three
THE ROLE OF LAW IN ENSURING FOOD SUFFICIENCY IN NIGERIA
3.1 Introduction 28
3.2 The Land Use Act and Food Security in Nigeria 29
3.3 The Effect of Land Tenure Practice on Agricultural Production in Nigeria 30
3.4 The Effect of Revocation of Right of Occupancy on Agricultural Practices 33
3.5 Institutional Framework and Government Policies towards Ensuring
Food Sufficiency in Nigeria 34
3.6 Legal Framework on Food Sufficiency 43
3.7 International Framework on Food Sufficiency 44
Chapter Four
SELECTED JURISDICTION
4.1 Food Security and Legal Framework in Japan 46
4.2 United States of America 50
Chapter Five
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusion 58
5.2 Recommendations 59
BIBLIOGRAPHY 61
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Frankly speaking, food is a basic necessity of life, its importance is seen in the fact that it is the basic need for sustenance, and adequate food intake in respect to quantity and quality is a vital key for health and productive living.
The importance of food is also revealed in the fact that it accounts for a substantial part of a typical Nigerian household budget.
However, taking into account that there are various classes of food, such as carbohydrates, protein, fat and oil, vitamin and mineral, and all these classes of food are required in good quantity and quality to maintain a healthy living.
Currently, there is a growing census that food insecurity and poverty problem are closely related in Nigeria identified.
Three pillars, which underpin food insufficiency in Nigeria, include.
- Food availability.
- Food accessibility.
- Food utilization.
This implies that a nation whose food production level is unable to satisfy these requirements is said to have the problem of food insufficiency
However, in view of the foregoing problem of food insufficiency in Nigeria.
The Federal Ministry of Agriculture in 2010 revealed that over a 53million people in Nigeria are hungry, accounting for 30% of the country’s total population, and 52% live below the poverty line.
However, it is crystal clear that Nigeria attained self-sufficiency in food production and next exporters of food to another continent/region as at `1950’s and 1960s,
Thus, the fall in the food production level has resulted in the increase in food importation in Nigeria, so as to meet up with the asses demand over the supply of such food in Nigeria.
Despite government policies and intervention to prevent this menace, the question is whether these government policies has actually achieved the intended objective.
It is in view of the foregoing that this research intended, to ascertain the major cause of this food insufficiency in Nigeria.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
Anyanwu, J.C. et al (1997). The structure of Nigeria Economy (1960-1997) Onitsha Joanee Educational Publishers Ltd.
Ijere M.O. (1983). Nigeria Agricultural Policy and Planning: Port Harcourt. University Press, Port Harcourt.
Metu, A., Kalu U.C. and Ezenekwe, R.U. Demographic Pattern and Sustainable Development in Nigeria Awka Fab Anieh Nig. Ltd., p. 129-140
Mulgan, A.G. (2016). Japan Agricultural Policy Regime. New York: Routledge Publishers.
Journals and Article
3rd International conference on African Development Issues (CU-ICANDI 2016) ISSN: 2449-075X copyright (c) 2016 by covenant University Press.
Abdulahi, A. Food sufficiency in Nigeria How close are we? 2008 p. 4-6, a paper presented at the Federal Radio Corporation Annual Lecture Abuja
Adeoti, J. Economics Crisis in Developing Countries the Food Dimension, Illorin Journal of Business and Social Science 1989
Egbonna, E. N. Food Sufficiency in Nigeria The Challenges and way forward, 2001 (a paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Nigeria Economics Society Theme Natural Resources, Uses and Environmental and Sustainable Development pp. 307-325)
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (C) (JPBMS). vol.19 issue 19
Otaha, I.J. (2013). Food insecurity in Nigeria: Way forward, An International Multidisciplinary Journal, Ethiopia, vol. 7(4).
Rentilimger, S. Food Sufficiency and Poverty in Nigeria 1985; Finance and Development vol. 22, p. 7-22.
Takahashi D., (2012). “The distributional effect of the rice policy in Japan 1986-2010” Food Policy 37:679-689.
News Paper
Senator and Jonang Jang, representing Plateau North, Daily News May 3rd, 2016
Theodore Oriji (PDP) Abia Central Senatorial District, Daily News May 3rd, 2016
Vanguard Newspaper October 20, 2016.
Daily Newspaper, May 3rd, 2017.
Dictionary
Husbury, A.S. Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English p.706).Internet Sources
GCF – Food Sufficiency and food access (2010) retrieved from http://:www sustainable.org/280/foodsufficiency. Food access (1-5)
FAO, Declaration of world summit on food sufficiency, 2009. Rome (retrieved from ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/faomeeting/018/k6050e.pdf.
Grace Communications Foundation (2016) Food Security and Food Access,2016[Retriveed from www.sustainable.org/208/food security-food acess 1-5].
WHO (1995) and FAO et al. (2013)
World Bank, Poverty and Hunger, Issues and Option for food Sufficiency in Developing Countries Washington D.C. 1986.
WDI – Retrieved from www.knoema.com Accessed 12/3/2017.
StudentsandScholarship Team.
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