ERADICATION OF EXAMINATION MALPRACTICES IN TEACHING AND LEARNING INSTITUTIONS (A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IKWO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA)

3                    3.0       RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter is divided into the following subheading-

3.1             RESEARCH Design

3.2             Population of the study

3.3             Area of study

3.4             Instrument used for data collection

3.5             Validation of instrument

3.6             Mode of data collection

3.7             Method of data collection

3.8             Method of data Analysis

3.1             Research design

This research is a case study designed to find out from ten (10) selected secondary school in Ikwo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, on how to eradicate examination malpractice and its evil consequences in our secondary schools and the society at large.

3.2       Population of the study.

The population of the study is made-up of two hundred (200) students, tutors and principals within the ten (10) selected secondary schools. The research chooses to use staff of the selected schools because they are divertly concerned with the process of teaching and learning.

3.2             Area of Study. The research is being carried out in Ikwo Local Government Area is bounded in the East by Cross River State, South by Afikpo Local Government Area. Ikwo Local Government Area, West by Ezza Local Government Area and in the North by Izzi Local Government Area is highly populated with a population of 166, 269 (1991 Census) and a large mass of land of 25, 235km² .

The topography of the town-Ikwo is dominated by Ebonyi River and Cross River bordering it. The climate condition of Ikwo is sub-savana with annual rainfall of about 206⁰ and rainfall is between the months of March and October with dry season starting from November to February each year.

Majority of people living in it are well educated, political and religiously advanced.

3.4             INSTRUMENT USED FOR DATA COLLECTION

The main instrument used for the researcher for the collection of data are questionnaires submitted to the respondents and the reliable information filed through ‘YES’ or ‘NO’ answeres

The distribution of the questionnaire was on the went back to contact them. This was to enable the respondent to supply appropriate response under convenient and leisured mood

3.5             VALIDATION OF INSTRUMENTS

With the assistance of the project supervisors, all ambiguity and contradictions in wording and content were eliminated before it was administered to about two hundred (200) students and staff of the population of the selected schools.

3.6             MODE OF DATA COLLECTION

The researcher adopted random sampling techniques out of ten (10) selected secondary schools in Ikwo Local Governement Area of Ebonyi State. To get reliable and accurate chosen ten (10) secondary schools for the study.

3.7             METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

The questionnaires submitted to the respondents were collected after seventy-two (72) hours of submission. This was to enable the respondents to fill them under convenient mood. The respondents were instructed to fill the questionnaires ‘yes’ or ‘No’ answer

3.8             METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

The data were basically arranged or grouped in percentages.

Number of ‘yes’ had b/200 x 100/1

Number of ‘No’ had c/200 x 100/1

There are also tables indicating responses from the ten (10) selected secondary schools and two hundred (200) respondents were selected for the student.

Below are the ten (10) selected secondary schools with their communities in Ikwo Local Government Area and questionnaires given to them.

 

 CHAPTER FOUR

This chapter includes the following subheading

            DATA ANALYSIS

This is where the researcher discusses the result of her finding. It is aimed at presenting the data collected. Its findings were collaborate on two points rades-‘Yes’ or ‘No’ respectively the responses of the respondents with the member of occurrence I,e the frequencies are expressed in percentages for further illustration, interpretation and easy understanding.

The data were gathered from ten (10) selected secondary schools inv Ikwo Local Government Area.

            DATA PRESENTATION

The data presented were based on grouped in percentages in which the number of ‘yes’ had b/200 x100/1 while the number of ‘No’ had c/200 x100/1.

Question one:- can the teacher’s laxity in any contribute to the increase rate of examination malpractice among students?

‘yes’	110	55%
‘No’	90	45%
Total	200	100%

Number of ‘Yes’ =110

Number of ‘No’ =90

Percentages

(1) Yes =110/200 x100/1 =55%

(2) No =90/200 x 100/1 = 45%

from the table above, it shows that one hundred and ten (110) respondents said ‘yes’ that laxity on the part of the teachers contribute to increase the rate examination malpractice in secondary schools in Ikwo Local Government Area while ninety (90) respondents said ‘No’ to the question.

QUESTION TWO:- Is it true that lack of lbrary in our secondary schools contribute to examination malpractice in Ikwo?

TABLE TWO

Respondents	Number of respondents	percentages
‘Yes’	130	65%
‘No’	70	35%
Total	200	100%

Number of ‘yes’ =130

Number of ‘No’ = 70

Percentages

(1)     ‘yes’ = 130/200 x 100/1

(2)     ‘No’ =70/200 x35%

Judging from this table, it indicate that one hundred thirty (30) respondents were in support of the question that lack of library in our secondary schools causes examination malpractice while seventy (70) persons said ‘No’ that was not so.

QUESTION THREE:- Will hand-over of school to churches help to stop examination in Ikwo

TABLE THREE

Respondents	Number of respondents	percentages
‘Yes’	170	85%
‘No’	30	15%
Total	200	100%

 Number of ‘yes =170

Number of ‘No’ =30

Percentages

Yes =170/200 x 100/1 =85%

No = 30/200 x 100/1 = 15%

From table three above, it was seen that one hundred and seventy (170) respondents said ‘yes’ that when schools are hand-over to churches, it will help to limit the rate at which examination malpractice occurs. On the other side, thirty (30) person answer ‘No’ that was not true.

QUESTION FOUR:- Is true assessment that female gender participate more in examination malpractice than the male counterpart?

TABLE FOUR

 

Number of respondents for ‘yes’ = 120 

Number of respondents for ‘No’ = 80 

Percentages for

‘yes’ = 120/200 x 100/1 = 60%

No = 80/200 x 100/1 = 40%

Judging from the respondents of the respondents from the table above, it illustrates that one hundred and twenty (120) respondents support that female gender partake more in examination malpractice than the male counterpart, while eighty (80) respondents answered ‘No’ to the question.

            RESULT AND FINDINGS

From the information gotten from different respondents, through the questionnaires proved that, there are creating factors that contributed to the farming the flams of examination malpractice. These factors are:- Laxity on the part-over of schools, To support the above statement the catholic clergyman in advocate (August 2005) lamented the government take-over of school has umpacted negatively on the education industry, and other moral decadence. Other factors include lack of library and the activities of female gender towards their studies.