Initially, the crushing machine was first switched on the grains and other feed materials were deposited or poured into the hopper of the crushing machine after the bagged grains was lifted and tore with the aid of a razor blade. Bag was tied through the discharging position of the machine, thereafter the sieve or grinded feed materials was obtained
Weighing of feed materials: This was accurately done when the transported feed materials were discharged to the preserving house. It was equally preferred during the feed formulation and
Feed formulation exercise: Feed formulation is very important in animal production since the different types of required nutrients needed in the body of farm animals is well compounded in the right proportion thereby enhancing the ultimate feed consumption of the farm animals.
NUTRIENT LEVELS OF FEED INGREDIENTS
|
Ingredients |
Dry matter (dm) |
Crude protein % |
Energy mek cal/kg |
Ether exhact (Oil)% |
Crude fibre% |
Lysine % |
Methioning |
Calculum |
Phosphorua % (AVALIABLE ) |
|
Maize |
88 |
10 |
3434 |
4.00 |
2.00 |
0.25 |
0.18 |
0.01 |
0.09 |
|
Guinea corn |
89 |
11 |
3300 |
3.00 |
2.00 |
0.35 |
0.10 |
0.04 |
0.32 |
|
Millet |
88 |
10 |
2560 |
4.00 |
8.00 |
0.40 |
0.18 |
0.02 |
0.10 |
|
Maize offal |
100 |
11 |
2500 |
2.80 |
12.00 |
0.25 |
0.18 |
0.01 |
0.09 |
|
Sorghum offal |
100 |
9 |
2700 |
5.00 |
6.00 |
0.25 |
0.18 |
0.01 |
0.09 |
|
Wheat offal’s |
89 |
17 |
1870 |
3.50 |
8.5 |
0.90 |
0.25 |
0.10 |
0.30 |
|
Palm kernel meal |
88 |
18 |
2175 |
6.00 |
12.00 |
0.64 |
0.39 |
0.21 |
0.16 |
|
Rice bran |
90 |
12 |
2860 |
12.50 |
12.50 |
0.50 |
0.24 |
0.04 |
0.46 |
|
Rice husk |
92 |
4 |
1400 |
9.00 |
30.00 |
||||
|
Brewers dry grain |
90 |
18 |
1980 |
6.00 |
20.00 |
0.90 |
0.40 |
0.20 |
0.16 |
|
Groundnut cake |
92 |
45 |
2640 |
6.00 |
5.00 |
1.60 |
0.48 |
0.20 |
0.20 |
|
Soya bean meal |
90 |
42 |
2700 |
3.50 |
6.50 |
2.80 |
0.59 |
0.20 |
0.60 |
|
FISH MEAL |
92 |
66/72 |
2860 |
4.50 |
1.00 |
4.50 |
1.90 |
6.10 |
3.00 |
|
Meat meal |
92 |
55 |
1750 |
4.90 |
2.00 |
2.60 |
0.75 |
8.50 |
3.90 |
|
Full fat soya |
90 |
42 |
3100 |
18.00 |
5.50 |
2.80 |
0.65 |
0.20 |
0.50 |
|
Milk powder |
94 |
26 |
2908 |
0.50 |
0.00 |
2.50 |
0.90 |
1.25 |
0.20 |
|
Brewers yeast |
93 |
30 |
2420 |
1.00 |
3.00 |
3.40 |
0.70 |
0.10 |
0.46 |
|
Pepper seed meal |
91 |
32 |
2178 |
1.80 |
13.00 |
2.00 |
0.62 |
0.70 |
0.25 |
|
Sunflower meal |
89 |
37 |
1914 |
1.00 |
18.00 |
1.60 |
1.30 |
0.50 |
0.30 |
|
Cottonseed meal |
91 |
25 |
2146 |
9.00 |
25.00 |
1.15 |
0.40 |
0.25 |
0.30 |
|
Cassava meal |
90 |
2.5 |
3200 |
0.50 |
3.50 |
0.07 |
0.03 |
0.20 |
0.03 |
|
Chad fish |
90 |
25 |
2527 |
19.58 |
4.98 |
3.80 |
1.50 |
2.89 |
2.37 |
|
Methionine |
100 |
||||||||
|
Lysine |
94 |
||||||||
|
Bone meal |
37.00 |
15 |
|||||||
|
Oyster shell |
35.00 |
||||||||
|
Limestone |
35.00 |
General formula for feed formulation the constant (K) IN formulating animal feeds is given by
The quantity of each feed ingredient x nutrients level
Total quantity
For example
Developer
Maize – 570kg
KLC –20 (concentrate) – 175kg
Wheat offals – 200kg
Lime stone – 55kg
ENERGY LEVEL
Qty of each ingredient x energy level of each ingredients
1000
Maize – 570 x 3434 =1957.4MEK
1000
KLC 20 – 175 x 2230 =390.3MEK
1000
Wheat offfal – 200 x 1870 =374MEK
1000
Total = 1957.4 +390.3+374=2722kcal
PROTEIN LEVEL
Qty of each ingredient x protein of each ingredients
1000
Maize – 570 x 10=5.7cp
1000
KLC 20 – 175 x 43 =7.44cp
1000
Wheat offfal – 200 x 17 =3.44cp
1000
Total = 5.7 +7.44+3.4 =16.5cp
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