1. Water
2. Carbopol
3. Methyl paraben
4. Borax
5. Buthyl paraben
6. Gms (glycerl monostearate)
7. Stearic acid
8. Cetyl alcohol
9. Emulsifyin wax (laneth wax)
10. Paraffin oil
11. Olive oil
12. Vitamin C. (ascorbic acid)
13. Malic acid
14. Glycerin
15. Sun flower oil
All these materials can be grouped according to their functions
1. Thickeners: they include carbopol, gms, stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, laneth wax. There are many thickeners for cosmetics, a manufacturer may combine two or more thickeners for a particular production.
Preservatives
The preservatives include:
· Methyl paraben
· Buthyl paraben
· Gms
· Benzo phenol
· Sodium benzoate
· Formaldehyde
Moisturizers:- as the glamouring process of make-up is next in line this final stage of moisturizing and conditioning is designed to protect the skin against aging and the environment water in oil moisturizers are suitable for dry skins and good as rich lotions fro the nights. They protect the skin against excessive water loss into the atmosphere.
Oil in the toners is the less greasy type suitable from most skin type moisturizers has three basic functions
1. They help to maintain the moisture balance of the skin
2. They help to protect the skin against pollute
3. They help to make the texture of the skin to be soft.
Tinted moisturizing lotions are not good to be applied directly on the skin, this is because their colouring agents contain chemical which are harmful to the skin. As a result apply tinted moisturizers only over basic ones. Some few moisturizers are:-
· Water
· Cetyl alcohol
· Olive oil
· Glylevine
Active ingredients: They are the modifiers of the lotion and they make of the modifying pause they include;
· Sunflower oil
· Malic acid
· Ascorbic acid
From phase (a) to phase (c) is based lotion. The modifying phase is a determinant factor of the type of lotion. That is being produced.
Correction 2
In the products of lotion phase (a) and (b) is heated separately to a minimum of 700C, before the mixing takes place under stirring then phase (c) thickener phase is then added with stirring then the system is allowed to cool for between 30 to 500C before phase (d) is added
Correction 3
It should be noted that most active ingredients are very sensitive to PH, even thickness. If a producers using active ingredient (eg) hydroquinone it means that is lotion has to be acidic and the PH should the 4 to avoid denaturing with time. But should be noted that such lotion causes inconvenience with time.
Any toning lotion that contains over 20% alcohol should be avoided because though alcohol is a necessary active ingredient but an excess of it deprives the skin of moisture especial in the areas sounding the eyes.
Generally speaking, choose at tines according to your skin type.
Moistures and conditioners as the glamouring process of make-up is next in line this final stage of moisturizing and conditioning is designed to protect the skin against aging and the environment.
(1) Water in oil moisturizers are suitable for dry skins and good as rich creams for the nights. They protect the skin against excessive water loss into atmosphere
(2) Oil in the ones is the less greasy type suitable for most skin type. Moisturizers has three basic functions
1. They help to mountain the moisture balance of the skin
2. They help to protect the skin against pollute
3. Th
ey help to make the texture of the skin to be soft.
Tinted’ moisturizing lotions are not good to be applied directly in the skin, this is because there colouring agents contain chemical which are harmful to the skin. As a result apply tinted moisturizing only ones basic ones.
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