Cationisation of Cotton and Study of Kinetics and Thermodynamics Properties of its Dyeing with Anionic Dye.
ABSTRACT
Conventional cotton textiles dyed with direct dyes suffer from the problems of poor exhaustion and moderate to poor washing fastness due to the weak dye-fibre binding forces of hydrogen bonding and Vander Waals attractions.
In addition, the dye effluent contains large amounts of dissolved and undissolved electrolytes which are harmful to the aquatic environment.
In this work an attempt is made to change the dye-fibre binding force to that of ionic or electrostatic bonding (stronger bond) through cationisation (i.e. imparting positive charge) on the cotton.
Cationisation involved the use of CHIPTAC which was converted to its epoxide form called EPTAC which reacted with the fibre to form complexes having two positive heads (dye sites) for formation of ionic bonds with the dye.
Cotton cellulose (100%) sliver was purified and cationised prior to dyeing with a direct dye Cupro brilliant blue 2BL (CI Direct Blue158:1).
All the dyed samples (cationised and uncationised) were characterised (FTIR), subjected to performance tests (wash and light fastness) as well as kinetics and thermodynamics parameters were studied.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Cotton
Cotton fibres grow around seed of cotton plants; it is hydrophilic in nature and dominantly the most abundant source of clothing the world over.
Length of cotton fibre ranges from 10- 35mm; depending on quality and cotton variety, it has length to width ratio of 3×104μm by 15μm.
Generally colour of raw cotton varies from creamy white to grey depending on climatic conditions and the environment it was grown.
Native cotton consists of aggregated fine micro fibrils which are flexible and are attracted to each other by hydrogen bonds. These fibrils crystallize into lamellae (sheets) Adam. (2000), Chavan et al.,( 1998).
In its raw form cotton contains impurities in the order of 4 to 12%, mainly waxes, protein matter, pectin, vegetable matter, ash etc.
These impurities are gotten rid of through processes such as scouring, bleaching etc giving pure cellulose Goli,(2008).
REFERENCES
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Chavan R.B and Chattopadkyay D.P. (1998). Cationisation of cotton for improveddyeability. Colorage Annual 1998. Pp. 127-133.
Jong, J.(2007). Investigation of improved dyeability of Cationised cotton via photo grafting with UV active monomers coloration technology .No.117/2007 Page 139
Hauser, P.J.(2000). Reducing pollution and energy requirements in cotton Dyeing.Journal of Textile Chemist and Colourist vol. 32 (6) June 2000 P. 44.
Karnik, P. (2002). Use of Cationized Cotton for Textile Effluent Color Reduction. Unpublished M.Sc.Thesis Report,Textile Chemistry Department,North Carolina State University.
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