Communication In Natural Disaster Management: A Study Of 2005 Flood Risk Awareness Campaign Among The Residents Of Jalingo Metropolis.
ABSTRACT
This study examined the communication channels employed by Taraba State Government before, during and after 2005 flood disaster in Jalingo metropolis.
The major communication strategies used were identified and their effectiveness evaluated on the affected communities.
The study was premised on risk communication theory and survey, in-depth-interview and Focus Group Discussion methods were employed to obtain the data.
The Findings show that Radio, television, newspapers and magazines were the major channels of communication used by Taraba State Government.
Among these communication channels Radio was found to be the major channel of communication through which quick campaign warning messages were sent to the people at risk.
Likewise, the study found that communication strategies used by Taraba State Government before, during and after flood disaster on risk campaign awareness are advocacy visit to the flooded communities and door-to-door strategies.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover page………………………………………………………………………………..i
Title page …………………………………………………….…………………………..ii
Declaration …………………………………………………………………..………….iii
Certification ………………………………………………………………………………iv
Dedication……..……………………………………………………………….………..v
Acknowledgements ……………………..………………………………………………vi
Table of Contents……………..……………………………………………………….viii
Lists of Tables …………………..…………………………………………….………x
Abstracts ……………………………………………………………………..………….xi
CHAPTER ONE ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 Background to the study………………………………………………………………………….. 1
1.2 Statement of Research Problem ……………………………………………………………….. 2
1.4 Research Questions ………………………………………………………………………………… 3
1.5 Scope of the study ………………………………………………………………………………….. 4
1.6 Significance of the study …………………………………………………………………………. 4
CHAPTER TWO……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.2 Review of Related Concepts ……………………………………………………………………. 6
2.2.1 Natural Disaster……………………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.2.2 Risk Communication…………………………………………………………………………….. 12
2.2.3 Risk Awareness Campaign…………………………………………………………………….. 17
2.2.4 Communication Strategies …………………………………………………………………….. 18
2.3. Review of Empirical Literature………………………………………………………………. 27
2.4 Theoretical Framework …………………………………………………………………………. 36
CHAPTER THREE………………………………………………………………………………………… 43
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………………. 43
3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………. 43
3.2 Research Design…………………………………………………………………………………… 43
3.3 Study Area…………………………………………………………………………………………… 44
3.4 Population of study……………………………………………………………………………….. 44
3.5 Sample size………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45
3.6 Sampling Technique……………………………………………………………………………… 45
3.7 Instrument for data collection ………………………………………………………………… 46
3.8 Method of Data Collection…………………………………………………………………….. 46
3.9 Validity and Reliability of Instrument …………………………………………………….. 46
3.10 Data Presentation and Analysis………………………………………………………………. 47
CHAPTER FOUR…………………………………………………………………………………………… 48
DATA PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS…………… 48
4.0 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………. 48
4.2 Data Presentation………………………………………………………………………………….. 48
Table 1: Demographic Parameters of the respondents …………………………………………… 49
Table 2: Comments on which organization gave the warning?……………………………….. 51
Table 3: Types of channels respondents got their warning …………………………………….. 52
Table 4: Frequency on if there was channels of communication with SEMA. ………….. 52
Table 5: Distribution of respondent’s opinion on the best information strategy ………… 53
Table 7: Frequency of those that got the warning messages ………………………………….. 55
Table 8: Respondents reaction to the warning………………………………………………………. 56
Table 9: Frequency on whether the communication strategy address respondents needs…………… 57
4.3 Discussion of Findings………………………………………………………………………….. 63
CHAPTER FIVE ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 67
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ……………………. 67
5.1 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………… 67
5.2 SUMMARY OF THE STUDY………………………………………………………………. 67
5.3 CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………………………….. 68
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………….. 71
Appendix………………………………………………………………………………75
INTRODUCTION
Nigeria like most other countries of the world is faced with increasing threat of natural disasters from flooding epidemic.
In the last three decades, the impact of flooding has increasingly assumed from significant to threating proportion.
Resulting in loss of lives, collapse of buildings/bridges destroyed farmlands, causing water shortages, affecting human health among other.
The case is similar in Taraba state, the 2005 flood disaster have serious social and economic impacts on the community.
Flood disaster affects people’s lives and livelihoods in many ways; according to Bantaje (2005) about one hundred (100) people were feared dead during the flood, particularly during the collapse of the Nukkai Bridge.
While Taraba Television (TTV) reported that property worth millions of Naira were destroy in the August 7th, 2005 flood, farmlands running into thousands of hectares of land were destroyed.
It was also reported that the rainfall drowned several people that were on the bridge when the bridge was submerged by the flood.
REFERENCES
Aladegbola, I. A. and Akinlade, M. T. (2012). Emergency Management: A Challenge to Public Administration in Nigeria. International Journal of Economic Development Research and Investment Vol. 3, No 1, pp. 82-90
Adedeji, S. and Kyoro, P. (2011, August 12). Panorama: The Day the Heaven Opened in Lagos. The tell magazine pp. 11-13
Aderogba, K.A. (2012) Qualitative Studies of Recent Floods and Sustainable Growth and Development of Cities and Towns in Nigeria. International Journal ofAcademic Research in Economics and Management Sciences 1(1) pp.32-36
Ali, Z.S. (2013) Media Myths and Realities in Natural Disasters. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences. Vol. 2 (1) pp 125-133.
Asian Disaster Reduction Centre (2004). Natural Disaster Data Book: An Analytical Overview. Retrieved From August 01, 2014 http://web.adrc.or.jp/publicationdatabook/databook2004eng/html o
Askew, A.J. (1999). Water in the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction.In E. Leaveskey (Ed). Destructive Water: Caused Natural Disaster, their Abatement Control. Vol. 23(9) pp. 13-17.
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