Natural Variable Modeling and Performance of Interior Permanent Magnet Motor with Concentrated and Distributed Windings

Natural Variable Modeling and Performance of Interior Permanent Magnet Motor with Concentrated and Distributed Windings.

Abstract

Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) motor is widely used for many industrial applications and has relatively high torque ripple generated by reluctance torque.

Since the configuration of the stator has great influence on reluctance torque, different stator configuration is necessary to improve the torque performance of IPM motor.

Natural variable modeling and performance comparison of Interior Permanent Magnet Motor with Concentrated winding (CW), Short pitched and Full pitched distributed winding (DW) is presented in this project report.

Three phase Interior Permanent Magnet Motor with identical rotor dimensions, air gap length, series turn number, stator outer radius, and axial length was studied with different stator winding configuration.

Basic parameters and machine performance, such as inductances, copper losses, power density, efficiency at high and low speed, torque ripple, rotor speed with load torque, phase currents, electromagnetic torque, controllability and demagnetization tolerance are compared.

As a means of supplementing analysis of the IPM motor, winding function theory (WFT) is used to analyze the motor.

Winding function theory has enjoyed success with induction, synchronous, and even switched reluctance machines in the past.

It is shown that this method is capable of analyzing IPM motor with different stator configuration and the simulations were carried out by using Embedded MATLAB function.

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Table Of Contents

TITLE PAGE…………… i

CERTIFICATION………………. ii

DEDICATION………………….. iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………. iv

ABSTRACT…………… v

TABLE OF CONTENTS……….. vii

LIST OF FIGURES & DIAGRAMS…… x

LIST OF TABLES……………. viii

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction…………… 1
• Overview………………. 1
• Research Objectives……………… 6
• Thesis Outline……………… 6
• Study limitation………………. 7

CHAPTER TWO

• Literature Review………………… 8
• Introduction……………………….. 8
• Permanent Magnet Materials……………. 8
• IPM Machine Technology…………………. 9
• Winding Function Theory…………………… 15
• Why Winding Function Theory………… 17

CHAPTER THREE

• Analysis of IPM Motor with Winding Function Theory 18
• Introduction………………. 18
• Winding Function Theory and its Modifications………….. 18
  • Basic Winding Function Theory……………. 18
  • WFT for machines with salient air gaps…………….. 22
  • WFT Applied to magnetic devices………………… 28
  • Verification of a single phase per rotor…………….. 30
  • Matlab Program for Solving Machine Equations 33
  • Torque calculated from inductance…………. 39
• Clock diagram of IPM motor………………….. 41
• Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)…………… 41
• Winding factor (k_w)……………………… 42
• Slot-fill factor……………………. 45
• The Voltage Equations…………………. 45
• Solution of Equation (3.52)…………. 48
• Torque Ripple………………. 49
• Losses in IPM motor………………. 49
  • Core Loss………………. 50
  • Magnet Loss………………. 50
  • Stator Winding Loss 51
  • Mechanical Losses 51

CHAPTER FOUR

• Dynamic Simulation in MATLAB Simulink………… 52
• Simulation Tools……………….. 52
• Simulink Simulation of IPM with Short pitched, Full pitched & Concentration Winding using Embedded MATLAB Function Blocks………. 52
• Simulation Results…………………. 52
• Discussions………………… 66

CHAPTER FIVE

• Conclusion and Recommendation……….. 69
• References……………….. 70

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Introduction

Background Of Study

Over the years, the application of electric motors has replaced vast numbers of mechanical rotating devices. From tiny motors used in wristwatches, to very large motors used for ship propulsion and wind turbines.

There are numerous types of electric motors available for present-day applications, of which the AC types are most commonly used in high performance applications due to its increased efficiency and excellent dynamic performance.

The Induction, Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM), Inset Permanent Magnet Machine, and Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) machine types have already been applied to present day drive systems.

Induction, SPM and inset PM machines usually have a lower power rating compared to the IPM machine and are most commonly applied as an Integrated

Motor Assist (IMA) system, where the main driver of the vehicle is the internal combustion engine while the electric motor assists. On the other hand, the IPM machine itself produces up to 73kW or more of power and can be driven in full electric mode, producing zero emissions.

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References

W. Beaty and J. L. Kirtley, Electric motor handbook, 1998.
M. Miller, Propulsion Systems for Hybrid Vehicles. United Kingdom: The Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2004.
Hans [man, Brushless Permanent Magnet Motor Design, 2nd ed.: The Writers’ Collective, 2003.
Q. Zhu and D. Howe, “Halbach permanent magnet machines and applications: a review,” Electric Power Applications, IEE Proceedings -, vol. 148, pp. 299-308, 2001.
Yamakawa, S. Wakao, K. Kondo, and T. Yoneyama, “A new flux weakening operation of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors for railway vehicle traction,” in European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications 2005, pp. 1-6.
L. Soong and N. Ertugrul, “Field-weakening performance of interior permanent- magnet motors,” Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 38, pp. 1251-1258, 2002.