Studies on Alterations of Serum Proteins, Lipid Profile and Bilirubin Levels in Preeclamptic Women in Magic, Owerri.
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to determine the levels of proteins, bilirubin and lipid profile of pre-eclamptic patients attending Imo state specialist hospital, Umuguma. Sixty(60) subjects aged 25-40 years were recruited for the study and they were divided into two groups of thirty(30) pre-eclamptic women and thirty(30) apparently healthy pregnant women.
The sample was collected using a standard clean venipuncture technique and the statistical analysis was carried out using statistical package for social sciences(SPSS).
The result obtained showed a significant decrease in total protein and albumin in pre-eclampsia women with mean values of 60.02±3.07g/l and 30.67±3.3g/l when compared with apparently healthy pregnant women with mean values of 65.69±4.9g/l and 36.30±2.9g/l at P<0.05.
In the bilirubin, both Total Bilirubin and Conjugated Bilirubin showed a significant increase in pre-eclamptic women with mean values of 0.7±0.15mg/dl and 0.22±0.097mg/dl when compared with the apparently healthy pregnant women with mean values 0.57±0.20mg/dl and 0.10±0.04mg/dl at P<0.05.
For lipid profile, Total Cholesterol(Tc), Triglyceride(Tg) and Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL) showed a significant increase in Pre-eclamptic women with mean values of 231.34±18.59mg/dl, 162.32±25.40mg/dl and 176.65±27.26mg/dl when compared with the apparently healthy pregnant women with mean values of 201.79±16.63mg/dl, 84.47±8.69mg/dl and 54.18±4.49 mg/dl at P<0.05 .
While High Density Lipoprotein(HDL) shows a significant decrease in pre-eclamptic women with mean values of 44.27±4.11mg/dl when compared with the apparently healthy pregnant women with mean values of 49.50±7.25mg/dl at P<0.05.
This findings shows that pre-eclampsia is associated with hypoproteinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia and hyperlipidaemia Hence could probably serve as a biochemical marker in pre-eclampsia.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Table of content vi
List of figures x
List of tables xi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Justification 4
1.3 Aims and objective 5
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Definition of preeclampsia 6
2.1.1 Etiology and pathophysiology of preeclampsia 6
2.1.2 Signs, symptoms and causes of preeclampsia 9
2.1.3 Risk factors for preeclampsia 10
2.1.4 Diagnosis, prevention and treatment 11
2.2 Serum proteins 13
2.2.1 Structural components and polypeptide chains
Of proteins 13
2.2.2 Structure of protein 16
2.2.3 Classification of proteins 17
2.2.4 Digestion of proteins 19
2.2.5 Absorption of proteins 20
2.2.6 Functions of proteins 20
2.2.7 Clinical significance of protein 22
2.3 Serum albumin 22
2.3.1 Functions of albumin 23
2.3.2 Clinical significance of albumin 24
2.3.3 Protein and preeclampsia 25
2.4 Bilirubin 26
2.4.1 Bilirubin metabolism 29
2.4.2 Disorders of bilirubin metabolism 32
2.4.3 Bilirubin and preeclampsia 33
2.5 Lipid 34
2.5.1 Digestion, absorption and transport of lipids 34
2.5.2 Biological functions of lipids 35
2.5.3 Classification of lipids 36
2.5.4 Serum lipid profile 37
2.5.5 Serum triglyceride 38
2.5.6 Serum total cholesterol 39
2.5.7 Lipoproteins 42
2.5.8 Metabolism of lipoproteins 44
2.5.9 Lipid profile and preeclampsia 47
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Study area 49
3.2 Advocacy, mobilization and pre-survey contacts 49
3.3 Study population 50
3.4 Selection criteria 51
3.5 Sample collection 52
3.6 Method of assay 53
3.6.1 Serum total protein estimation 53
3.6.2 Serum albumin estimation 55
3.6.3 Serum bilirubin estimation 56
3.6.4 Serum lipid profile estimation 59
3.7 Statistical analysis 65
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULT
4.0 Result 66
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION
5.1 Discussion 71
5.2 Conclusion 72
5.3 Recommendation for further research 73
REFERENCES 74
APPENDICES 81
REFERENCES
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