Design And Implementation of A Fuzzy Logic Model For Air Traffic Control System.
ABSTRACT
The safety of aircraft is a major concern throughout the world. Aircraft accidents are caused as a result of mechanical/electrical failure, a human error which may be as a result of poor communication between the pilot and air traffic controller, or as a result of the shortcoming of navigational aids equipment and/or error in radio communication.
The air traffic control system is a vast network of people and necessary navigational equipment that ensures the safe operation of commercial and private aircraft throughout the world.
Successful taking off, cruising, and landing of an aircraft depends on good and reliable flight data (Strip) which is used by Air Traffic Controller.
Flight data is responsible for the separation of aircraft, prevention of collisions between aircraft in the manoeuvring area and maintenance of an orderly flow of air traffic. Every year, many Controllers lost their life because of stress from the use of the existing tedious manual stripping.
Now that the air traffic control system in the Aviation industry is moving towards total radar coverage, whereby the modern aircraft are having their own IP addresses, instrument landing systems and control towers are networked together.
With the numerous aircraft accidents, there is a need for Internet-based flight data to enhancing the performance of air traffic controllers and reduce the rate of aircraft accidents.
Therefore, in this research project, a fuzzy logic model for an air traffic control system is presented that is able to improve the safety of aircraft. The model is developed and implemented using a web based application, apache as a web server with PHP scripting language and MySQL, a relational database.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Declaration…. …………………………………………………………………….iii
Certification…..……………………………………………………………………iv
Acknowledgment…. ……………………………………………………………..v
Table of Content…………………………………………………………………..vi
Abstract……..……………………………………………………………………..xi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION …………..…………………………………1
1.1 Background of the study….………………………………………………..1
1.2 Research motivation……………………….……………………………….2
1.3 Research Objectives……………………….……………………………….4
1.4 Methodology……………………………….………………………………4
1.5 Contribution to Knowledge……. …………….……………………………4
1.6 Organisation of the rest of thesis….………….……………………………..4
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW …………………………………… 6
2.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………6
2.2 Rules Guiding Aircraft in Flight and on Ground…………………………24
2.3 Separation Standards and Collision Avoidance…………………………..26
2.3.1 Types of Separation………………………..……………………..26
2.4 Flight Action……………………………………………………………… 26
2.4.1 Surface Movement of Aircraft…………………………………….28
2.5 Fuzzy Logic………………………………………….……………………31
CHAPTER THREE: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN……..……………. 45
Aerodrome and Approach/Radar Control Modelling ……………………………45
3.1 Area Control Model………………………………………………………56
3.2 System Design……………………………………….……………………57
3.3 System Requirement……………………………………………………… 59
3.4 Design Considerations…………………………………………………… 59
3.5 Login Page……………………………………………………………….. 60
3.6 Aerodrome and Approach Control…………………………………….….61
3.7 Area Control……………………………………………………………….65
CHAPTER FOUR: SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, RESULT, AND DISCUSSION………..67
4.1 Login page.………………………………………………………………..67
4.2 Aerodrome and Approach/Radar Control…….………………………….. 68
4.3 Area Control………………………………….………………………… 71
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION……. ……….73
5.1 Conclusion………….………………………………………………………73
5.2 Recommendation..…………………………………………….…………..73
5.3 Limitation of the Study ………………………………………………….. 74
5.4 Future Research Work…………………………………………………….74
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………… 75
APPENDIX A…………………………………………………………………….79
APPENDIX B……………………………………………………………………. 81
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
The aviation domain became one of the world’s most powerful “teams” with millions and millions of dependents and aircraft shortly after the Wright brothers in 1903 made their brief successful flight.
Everyone thought that the sky was so vast there was little or no risk for one aircraft to collide with another.
However, this belief was short-lived seven years after Wright’s experiment, many countries realized the necessity to regulate the aviation domain by introducing some navigation rules and some ground facilities to guide pilots from their departure to their destination location in a safe and efficient way.
This necessity became more urgent after four mid-air collisions in 1910 and six in 1912 (National AirTraffic Service, 2005). As a consequence of all these events and the increasing use of the shared airspace, the International Commission for Air Navigation (ICAN) was created in Paris in 1919.
Among the main purposes of ICAN was the establishment of uniform rules and standards for aircraft registration and identification, personnel licensing, maps and charts, and most importantly, for the Air Traffic Control domain, establishing rules and giving solutions for air and flying procedures.
The air traffic system worldwide has experienced significant growth during the past twenty years. This growth has resulted in substantial increases in accidents and delays at nearly every major airport.
However, environmental and geographic constraints limit the opportunities to increase system capacity to embark on building new airports or adding new runways at existing airports.
REFERENCES
Bach R., Farrell C. and Erzberger H. (May, 2007). An Algorithm for Level-AircraftConflict Resolution.pdf pp 5 – 7.
Capozzi B., Augustine S., Thompson T. R. and Robinson J. E. (October, 2002). An InitialAssessment of Benefits for Noise-Aware Decision-Support Tools.Capozzi_10_02 FAST.pdf pp1-2.
David H. V. ( 1995). Human Factors in Air Traffic Control. Taylor and Francis Ltd.London, UK.
Dennis G. D. (2003). TSAFE: Building a Trusted Computing Base for Air TrafficControl Software. Master of Engineering in Computer Science andEngineering Thesis submitted to Massachusetts Institute of Technology.gdennis_masters.pdf pp 19 – 43.
Doitsidis L., Valavanis K. P., Tsourveloudis N. C. and Kontitsis M. (2004). AFramework for Fuzzy Logic Based UAV Navigation and Control.Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics &Automation New Orleans, LA April 2004. 0-7803-8232-3/04..pdf pp 1- 6.
Endsley M., Situational Awareness Information Requirements for En Route ATS
(DOT/FAA/AM-94/27).Eurocontrol (1996). Guidelines for Developing and Implementing Team ResourceManagement.
Federal Civil Aviation Authority (FCAA), Manual of Air Traffic Control, 1992 ATC1No 3,4 & 5.
Gong C. and McNally D. (August, 2004). A Methodology for Automated TrajectoryPrediction Analysis. AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conferenceand Exhibit 16 – 19 August 2004, Providence, Rhode Island .pdf pp 2 – 7.
StudentsandScholarship Team.
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