EFFECT OF PROCESSING METHODS ON THE PHYSIOCHEMICAL AND SOME ANTI – NUTRITIONAL FACTORS ON AFRICAN YAM BEAN PRODUCTS

 CHAPTER ONE

African Yam Bean (AYB) (Sphenotylis Stenocarpa) also known as Uzaaku or Azama, among the Igbos in Enugu state and Ebonyi state respectively and sees among the Yorube speaking people of south-west Nigeria is a legunurious crop which is bean-shaped and black, brown, white, grey or specked in appearance (Felix et al; 2011). It is also found in other Western African countries, particularly Togo, Cotelvoire and Cameroon, and in central African (Klu et al; 2001). Plant can be grown for both its seed and tuber but in Nigeria. African yam bean is mainly cultivated for the seeds (Felix et al, 2011).

African yam bean belongs to the class of less consumed pulse legumes of the humid tropical region. According to Adebo wale et al, (2009), African yam bean is peculiarly regarded as an underutilized crop due to its low esteem and lack of detailed information on its composition and only about 30% of the dry grain produced is sold. It is also planted for soil restoration (Saka et al; 2004). African yam bean is a good source of protein, fiber and carbohydrate. It contains all the amino acids found naturally in plant protein (Ekop, 2006).

It is also rich in minerals such as phosphoru), iron and potassium, although it also contain some anti-nutrients, such as trypsin inhibitors, haema gglutins, phytate, tannin oxalate and other alkaloids (Nwokolo 1987; Ajibada et al; 2005, Fasoyiro et al; 2006). These anti-nutrients have been shown to reduce the availability of nutrients and caused growth inhibition. Some of them contribute to flatulence production in consumers. Others such as alkaoids and lectin can be toxic for human and animal nutrition coboh et al; 1998).

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

AFRICAN YAM BEAN

2.1       ORIGN OF AFRICAN YAM BEAN

            The African yam bean (AYB) originated in Ethiopia. Both wild and cultivated types now occur in tropical African yam Guinea to southern Nigeria, being especially common in the later and in Togo and the ivory cost, and in East Africa from northern Ethiopia (Entrea) to Mozambique inducing Tanzania and Zanzibar. The centre of diversity of African yam bean is only in Africa. Nigeria has the highest production of African yam bean (potters, 1992; Abbey and Berezi; 1988).  

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