Effects of Industrial Stress on Management Effectiveness and Efficiency
ABSTRACT
The study investigated and evaluated Industrial stress on management effectiviness at Unilever Nigeria Plc. The study sought to find out how work related stress could affect the productivity of staff of Unilever Nigeria Plc. In addition, it identified certain factors which contribute to job stress among Unilever Nigeria Plc.
The systematic sampling technique was used to select 150 participants for the study. The result of this study revealed that work load was the major cause of job stress among staff of Unilever Nigeria Plc.
It was further observed that respondent in order to relieve stress often walk around and visit other colleagues in their office to discuss matters irrelevant to work thereby affecting productivity at the Unilever Nigeria Plc.
Health-wise, some members of staff of Unilever Nigeria Plc had developed chronic back pain, an effect of long sitting hours and standing hours at work.
Management commitment to staff issues such as paying attention to work load conflicts, supervisors recognition of outstanding output of staff and the introduction of proper stress management training programmes were perceived as significant steps which if embraced were identified as major contributory factors that could contribute to improve productivity of staff and boost output of staff.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE i
CERTIFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 2
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 2
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 3
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 3
1.5 HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY 3
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 4
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 4
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS 5
1.10 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 6
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 8
2.1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK8
2.2 ORIGIN, TERMINOLOGY & DEFINATION OF STRESS 9
2.3 NATURE OF STRESS 11
2.4 STRESS PROCESS OR RESPONSE STAGES 11
2.5 TYPES OF STRESS 11
2.9 CAUSE OF STRESS AT WORK 12
2.12 SYMPTOMS OF STRESS ON STAFF PRODUCTIVITY 13
2.13 THE IMPACTS OF STRESS ON THE ORGANIZATION 14
2.14 THE EFFECT OF STRESS ON PRODUCTIVITY 17
2.15 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 19
2.16 STRESS AT WORK MODEL 20
2.17 EMPIRICAL FRAMEWORK 22
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 24
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN 24
3.2 POPULATION SIZE 24
3.3 SAMPLE SIZE 25
3.4 DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT 25
3.5 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS 25
3.6 RELIABILITY OF THE STUDY 26
3.7 VALIDITY OF THE INSTRUMENT 26
3.8 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT 26
3.9 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 26
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF RESULT 28
4.1 INTRODUCTION 28
4.2 PRESENTATION OF DATA 29
4.3 ANALYSIS OF RESPONSE 30
4.4 HYPOTHESIS TESTING 32
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 33
5.1 SUMMARY 33
5.2 CONCLUSION 34
5.3 RECOMMENDATION 34
QUESTIONNAIRE35
REFERENCES 39
APPENDIX
INTRODUCTION
In today’s world, stress has become a worldwide phenomenon, which occurs in various forms in every workplace. In today’s work life, employees are generally working for longer hours, as the rising levels of responsibilities require them to exert themselves even more strenuously to meet rising expectations about work performance.
Omolara (2008) described occupational stress as the adverse psychological and physical reactions that occur in an individual as a result of their being unable to cope with the demands being made on them.
According to Topper (2007) Vermut and Stensma (2005), Ornels and Kleiner (2003) Verca (1999) in addition, job stressed is caused by lack of resources and equipment, work schedules such as working late or overtime and organizational climate are considered as contributors to staff stress.
Stress can therefore be described as the adverse psychological and physical reactions that occur in an individual as a result of his or her inability to cope with the demands being made on him or her (Moorhead and Griffen, 1998).
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