EIA procedures ensure that the potential impacts of project are identified assessed, managed and reduced to acceptable level before consent is given by the regulatory authority this process when integrated in any business identifies, minimize the potential impact of promoted development the importance aspect of EIA STUDIES includes
– Risk assessment
– Enr management
– Poor product monitoring
EIA is important because it addresses the direct and indirect impacts of the project on
– Human being, fauna and flora
– Soil, water, air, climate to landscape
– Materials assists and cultural heritage
Step I took in EIA process were
Screening
Preliminary assessment
Scoping
Collection of baseline data
Impact prediction
Mitigation measures /EIA report
EIA report
Public hearing
Decision making
Monitoring and implementation
Screening: this is done to decide whether an EIA is required and focus resources on projects most likely to have significant impacts, those where impacts are uncertain and those where EIA management imput is likely to be required
Scoping: this purpose of this key part of EIA process is to focus the EIA on the environmental issues and possible effects which need the most thorough attention
To identify those issues which are unlikely to need detailed study, and to provide a means to discuss method of assessing effects and reach agreement on those most appropriate
Here all interested parties are involved
Collection of baseline data: this aspect, the ena tharactors of the areas likely to be affected were examined, relevant natural and man made processes which may already be changing the character of the where also identified
3. impact prediction :possible interaction between the proposed development and both existing and future site conditions were considered. The nature of the possible effect eg positive or negative , temp, or permit were predicted and accessed, as well possible cumulative and in combination effects.
Mitigation measures
This is a proposal for design and operational modification or other measures to prevent, reduce, and where possible offset any significant adverse effect on the environment
EIA reports : this is where the actions and steps for preventing, minimizing or by passing the impacts or else the level of compensation for probable EIV damage or loss
Described the dripping comprising into on the site, design and size of development
Measure envisaged in order to avoid, reduce, and if possible, remedy significant adverse effect mitigation measures
Data reg 2 identify and assess the main effects which the development is likely to have on the eiv outline of the main alternatives studied by applicant or appellat and an indication of the main reasons for this choice taking into account the env. Effec non technical summary of the above into public hearing : on completion of EIZ report, public and EAV groups living close to project site may be informed and consulted
Review :to assess the adequacy of the EIA to decision making and consider its implications for project implementation
Monitoring : the various phase of the implementation of projects are monitored risk assessment here the inventory analysis and hazard probability and index are contained
The major source of water pollution
From melbaime operation includes soil and chemical discharge
Sewage discharge
Garbage’s water pollution
Transportation of oil
Discharge of waste /sewage
Tank overflow
Tank leakage
Oil / chemical spill
In ships, operation, oil and chemi
cals are deliberately or accidentally discharged into our water wasy most of them which come from refueling, boat maintenance and bilge discharge into our waterways most of them which refueling, boat maintenance and bilge discharge . oil and chemical can be toxic to marine and human life .
Oil and chemicals on board the ship product that are pollutants and will harm the marine environment are
Petrol oil spills occur through
– Gear box oil
– Motor oil
– Two stroke oil
– Diesel /fuel
– Hydraulic oil
– Cooling syste additives
– Cleaning agents
– Degreasers
– Acide and paints
– Pipeline leakage including transfer houses
– Cargo tank
– Bunker tank overflow
– Hull leakage
Once these toxins enter our water way they have potential tor retard or prevent the reproductive development of many arine animals , which can have a flow on effect through the whole ecosystem
Contaminated fish stocks and filter feeders such as oysters and mussels can also pass on harmful chemicals to human if consumed
However clean bilges help educe pollution , also abosorbents can be used to mop up excess oil or fuel, the bilges are also washed with biodegra dable degreases or detergents and dispose of any cleaning resides offshore
If oil does spill into water, use absorbents to mop it up and let the original harbor master, marine manger or port authority know so that it can be cleaned up as soon as possible . do not use dispersants or cleaning chemicals because they can increase the toxins effects of oil spills
How to handle oil and chemical
As a HSE officer ,I participated actively in marine pollution control and I helped to reduce oil and chemical entering our water ways
The measures I took were
During refueling
Inserted the nozzles into the factor before the pump were started
I always turned off the pump and ensure that the flow of fuel has stopped before removing the nozzle .
I always checked the fuel tank capacity before they refueled
Watched the breathers for signs of blow out or overflow
– I ensure the bilges were cleaned before discharging were made
– I always supervised the operation of bilge pump to ensure that only water was being pumped into the water ways
– I revised the installation of bilge pumps float switch to stop oil accident ally discharging with bilge water ways
– I cleaned waste oil from bilge using absorbents and make sure the degreases, detergents or biode gradable produce used were not discharged into water ways
For everyday check srubbing used cleanwater, any only chemicals for severe staining for any accidental spill on board, I cleaned it up with absorbent or spray saw dust to anborb it on various occasions, I conducted oil spill risk assessment
To know the impact of our operation on the marine environment
Marine pollution through garbage’s
In the same way, same boat operators, deliberately throw their garages into our water ways , most of it today is made from non 0biodegrdable products such as plastics which persist in marine environment for many years
However some marine animals and sea birds can mistake plastic for food others become entangled in garbage causing a slow ad painful death
Ropes and plastics materials can get caught in proper lows and block water intakes causing major damage or even lose of income while a boat is out of service for expensive repairs
G : this simple means solid waste and a waste can be defined as anything that is no longer in use
Types of marine garbage’s that can pollute marine environment are
– food waste
– Paper product
– Rages
– Glass
– Metals
– Bottles
– Plastics
– Deck sweepings
– Packaging materials
– Wire residue
Paint scraping as well as residence that entering
Water through hall maintenance activities such as
Scraping
Sanding
Pressure washing and panting
Preventive measures
secure bins or garaged bags were made available for the storage of garbage onbo
ard until they to shore reformed, which were disposed into appropriate receptacle when conducting vessel maintenance that generated sast dust scrapings paint dups, debris and drips etc drop clothes were used of catch these by products. Mechanical sanders /scrapers equipped with vacuum bags were effective used to removing pout in away that prevents the spread of dust, debris and residue into the marine environment as well as air when the garbages or letters have already been discharged into our are ways
a floating letter trap and boom systems is used to trap it and help safely in a collection basset for removal this happens regardless of tide changes or water level. They have different types of bins for storage of wastes in marine
marine pollution through sewage discharge sewage is the drainage and other wastes from any form of roiler, drinal or any other waste water when mixed with such drainages incorporated with this description, the term sewage includes human feacal wastes, sewage does not include gref water. I wash water from showers and sinks unless it is mixed with any of the above
however, any discharge from vessel will be either the following categories
– Treated sewage
– Ungreated sewage
– Treated swage : this has passed through on board system and has three distaste grades grade A, B and C
– C lowest level
– B higher level
A highest level
Macerated sewage is an ulttreated sewage
Untreated (RAW SEWAGE): IT HAS NON passed treatment system . this sewage that is discharge directly into the water way in areas where discharge is permitted or contained in on board holding tank. Any unrelated sewage that is discharged, in ares where it is permitted, must first pass through a macerctor
Since Melbourne services limited spreates with a declared ship ( A CLASS ONE Commercially registered carrying vessel fitted with a toilet
The vessel have fitted sewage holding tank after storing disposed off on shore according to ship board sewage management plan
Worked area covered
In Melbourne services limited I worked with many department but specifically I worked with the it be department
Hse: health and environmental safety there I handled so many activities which includes
Environmental safety (Major)
EIA : Environmental Impact assessment water pollution inspection /precaution
Through Oil chemical spill response
Garbage Discharge Inspectional Inspection
Waste segregation/storage
Sewage discharge response, prevention treatment
Housekeeping practices with the full aim of creating a lively environment for our marine lives.
Health safety: Minor:
Fire safety
First aid practices/programme
AIM: To protect the health of workers.
To achieve main objectives of HSE safety standard and protection to health.
To pursue the goal of harm to environment and to protect the environment.
OBJECTIVES:
Promoting health
Protecting the environment
Safe guarding the property / equipments of
Promoting harmonious relationship between the company and the community.
Water covers more than 70% of the earth, water is one of the most precious natural resources of our planet . the reason being that about 97% of total water is salty, and therefore not portable, a futher 2% is locked of it useful for consumption. Apart from clean drinking of it useful for consumption. Apart from clean drinking water, we also need to keep the water in the oceans rivers and lakes unpolluted because other wise , it harm the very planet we survive on. However, with human pollution incrasing rapidly and industiralisation, water resources all over the world are getting polluted, so much so, that precious and unique organisms and ecosystems are being harmed and even going extinct at an alarming rate
Water pollution: this is an undesirable change in the stat of water, contaminated with harmful substances it is the second most important environmental issue next to air pollution. Any change in the physical, chemical and biological properties of water that has harmful all the major water bodies of the world such as lakes , rivers, ocean and ground water
Sources of water pollution
The major source of water pollution include
– Domestic wastes (SEWAGES) Discharges
– Industrial efflvent
– Agricultural waste
– Oil / chemical spill
– Marine dumping (GARBAGE DISCHARG)etc
– Point source : discharged from a discrete ration
– Non point – non location
Effects
On marine life
Deoxygenating of water rand annihate flora and funa in streams, lake, river
Enhance the growth of bacteria in
water and increase the concentration
Affects the whole ecosystem
Effects on human animal
Animals / human consumes polluted floral fauna in polluted water, which can cause diseases to them it can also lead to cancer and diarrhea
General prevention of water population
– Treat sewage before disposal
– Oil sucks shoved be skimmed off from the surface with suction device
– Avoid dumping of waste into the water bodies.
Ill effect of sewage polluted water . pathogens present in the water spread many different diseases
The process of ecessive deposition of chemical nutrients in water is termed eutiophication . this is one of the problems caused by sewage polluted H2o
Toxins released in rivers through sewage water are consumed by fish and other organisms, the possibility of toxins entering the food
It degrades water quality
Redces the number of fishes
Increases biological oxyhgen demand (BOD)
Sewage treatment means
Firstly primary treatement throu grinding mechanism and then pasted through the setting several chamber chambers and neutralized with lime, up to this stage .
The sewage will still certain a large number of pathogenic and non pathogenic organisms and also sefficeint organic matter . the neutralized effcueltts are sent to UASBC up flow aneroboic sludge blanket). It is a reactor in this, the anerohic bacteria degrades the biodegradable materials present in the waste l water. This releagmouse foul odour and releases methane, which can be used else wheare . in this system, the pollution load is reduced upto 85% , after this, water is sent to aeration tank where it is mixed with air and bacteria
Fire fighting
And the bacteria digesis the organic waste materials this is called biological or secondary treatment . even after the treatment, water is still until for drinking. The harmful microorganisms needs to be called
Tertiary treatment
Finally, the disinfection process. To remove final traces of organics, bacteria , dissolved inornaic solid etc for tertiary treatment methods, such as chiorination, evaporation and exchange abosorption be employed . these depends of the final reg quality of the final treatment
Housekeeping hoursekeeping hygiene
This means the orderly arrangement and toplacement of equipment, too is and matrials both raw and finished and wstes Good house keeping improves the hygienic condition of it work and reduces potentials for accident, fire essentials for all sites
Procedure
– Darily cleaning of work palces
– Disgnation of areas for water matrials
– Porper receipt and storage of raw matrials in desisnated areas
– Clearing of floors remove duties can
– Imme
– Storage of fiammable matrials in safe place separate from non flammable materials . also applishable of some toxic and corrosive matrials
– Proper disporsal fo raji a loose matrials
– Proper arrangement of tools, by removing from and storing in a appropriate toxic box
– Etasim cables on flexible power supply and hand tools should be collected approximately
– Materials should be stacked to block emergency exists or fire fighting equipping
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