ABSTRACT
This was born out of the desire to investigate the extent to which the second and fourth political parties impacted on national integration. As the great philosopher, Aristotle posited “man is a political animal”.
This means that in every society, there must exist individual diverse interest and that of Nigeria is no exception Political parties are there to these diverse interests to make way for stability and integration.
To what extent have the political parties in second and fourth republic in Nigeria achieved this goals? And how did the structure of political parties in both republic promote private regarding interest?
In order to effectively handle the matter I intend to look at the pre-1960 to early 1960s situation in Nigeria,
this is to enable me have an adequate information on the of political parties in Nigeria to be able to find out whether the non-integrative nature of Nigeria political parties is caused by way these political parties were formed.
At the course of investigation into this work I discovered that political parties in both republic were mostly formed and operated along ethnic lines. The structure of political parties in both republics appeared to have promoted private regarding interest.
This led to ethno- regional domination and of course a number of imbalances in the party structure. The ethnic origin of these parties and their affiliations promoted private regarding interest which inhabited national integration.
The work also proffered solutions to the problems that inhibited national integration and recommended ways through which political parties can help in solving the problem of national integration.
An important feature of this research is the method of analysis, which is based on the historical explanation and method of logical assumption; certain lessons that are drawn from history could be relevant to the present and the future.
For any research to be meaningful, reliable and scientific facts and ideas must be supplemented with empirical data. As such as substantial portion of this work would be gathered from the internet and journals.
Secondary materials like Journals, Newspapers, Textbooks etc would also be used. Primary materials, which would also include party documents, would be also used.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract vi
Table of Contents viii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 12
1.3 Objectives of the Study 13
1.4 Significance of the Study 14
1.5 Scope of the Study 16
1.6 Literature Review 16
1.7 Theoretical Framework 29
1.8 Hypotheses 33
1.9 Method of Data Collection 34
1.10 Method of Data Analysis 34
CHAPTER TWO: ORIGIN OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE SECOND AND FOURTH REPUBLICS
2.1 Before 1960 47
2.2 Political Parties in the Second Republic (1979-1983) 63
2.3 Political Parties in the Fourth Republic (1999-2003) 74
2.4 Ethnic Identities of Parties in the Second and Fourth Republic 81
CHAPTER THREE: PARTY STRUCTURE AND NATIONAL PRIVATE INTEREST
3.1 Party Structures: The Second Republic 95
3.2 Party Structures: The Fourth Republic 99
3.3 Inhibition to National Integration 104
CHAPTER FOUR: THE COMPARATIVE ROLE OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN NATIONAL INTEGRATION 1979 TO 1983, 1999 TO 2003
4.1 Political Parties in the Second Republic and National Integration: 1979 to 1984 119
4.2 Political Parties in the Fourth Republic and National Integration: 1999 to 2003 140
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary and Conclusion 150
5.2 Recommendations 155
Bibliography 158
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The rise of political parties as an instrument of national integration has captured the attention of many scholars in recent times.
Their common purpose enable Appadorai (2004:537) to formulate his classical definition of political party as “A political party is more or less organized group of citizens who act together as a political unit,
have distinctive aims and opinions on the leading political questions of controversy in the state, and who, by acting together as a political unit, seek to obtain control of the government”.
Edmund Burke defined political party as “a body of men united for promoting by their joint endeavors, national integration upon some particular principles in which they are all agreed”.
Ostrogorski (1854-1919) was one of the first students of politics to recognize that parties were becoming vital in the new era of democratic politics.
The twentieth century proved to be the century of parties. In West Europe, mass parties battled for the votes of enlarge electorates.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Behling, J. H. (1984), Guidelines for Preparing the Research Proposal; New York: University Press of America.
Black, J. and Champion, D. (1976), Method and Issues in Social Research, New York, John Wiley and Sons.
Buchanon, W. (1980), Understanding Political Variables. Third Edition. New York Charb Scribnets Son.
Chinua Achebe, (1976), The Trouble with Nigeria. Enugu Fourth Dimensions Publishers.
Coleman and G. Roseberg Jr. (1964), Political Parties and National Integration in Tropical Africa, California Press.
Eboh, E. C. (1998), Social and Economic Research: Principles and Methods, Lagos. Academic Publications and Development Resources Ltd.
Effiong P. (1993) Re-lntegration: True Or False? Enugu: Star Publishing Company.
StudentsandScholarship Team
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