– Assessment of Resident’s Perception of Tourism Activities In Southern Kaduna Region –
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ABSTRACT
The research assessed residents perception of tourism activities in southern Kaduna. Krejcie and Morgan sample size table was used to determine the population size of the study population.
Analysis was carried out utilizing the SPSS version 17 which summarizes the respondent‟s demographic characteristics as well as the items adapted to measure the perception of tourism activities.
The relationship between the socio-demographic characteristics of the residents and the perception on economic, socio-cultural and environmental impact of tourism activities in the region was checked using a table.
It was found out in general that the residents perceived tourism impact positively especially the socio-cultural and the environmental impact of tourism activities in the region.
Based on the findings, the concluding part discusses the study’s implications and suggests the need for a restructured tourism programs to affect the tourism activities situation of Southern Kaduna.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Declaration – – – – – – – – ii
Certification – – – – – – – – iii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – v
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vii
List of Tables – – – – – – – – xii
List of Figures- – – – – – – – xiv
List of Plats – – – – – – – – xv
Abstract – – – – – – – – xvi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION – – – – – – 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM- – – 2
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION – – – – – 3
1.4 AIM AND OBJECTIVES – – – – – 4
1.4.1 Aim – – – – – – – – 4
1.4.2 Objective – – – – – – – 4
1.5 SCOPE – – – – – – – 4
1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS – – – – – 5
1.6.1 Tourism – – – – – – – 5
1.6.2 Tourism activities – – – – – – 5
1.6.3 Perception – – – – – – – 5
1.6.4 Tourism development – – – – – – 5
1.6.5 Host community – – – – – – 6
1.6.6 Residents – – – – – – – 6
1.6.7 Destination – – – – – – – 6
1.6.8 Attraction – – – – – – – 6
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 INTRODUCTION – – – – – – 7
2.1 TOURISM – – – – – – – 7
2.2 TOURISM ACTIVITIES – – – – – 7
2.3 The Benefits of Tourism Activities – – – – 9
2.3.1 Economic benefits of tourism- – – – – 10
2.3.2 Socio cultural benefits- – – – – – 10
2.3.3 Environmental benefits – – – – – 11
2.4 Determinants of a Tourism Destination – – – 11
2.4.1 Attraction – – – – – – – 12
2.4.2 Amenities – – – – – – – 13
2.4.3 Accessibility – – – – – – – 14
2.4.4 Ancillary services – – – – – – 14
2.5 Tourism Activities And Host Community Perception – 15
2.5.1 Conceptual Framework – – – – – 16
2.6 PERCEPTION OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES – – 17
2.6.1 Residents Perceptions of Impact of Tourism activities – 18
2.7 DETERMINANTS OF PERCEPTIONS ON IMPACT OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES – – 19
2.7.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics – – – – 19
2.7.1.1 Gender – – – – – – – 20
2.7.1.2 Age group – – – – – – – 20
2.7.1.3 Education – – – – – – – 21
2.7.1.4 Income – – – – – – – 21
2.7.1.5 Length of stay – – – – – – 22
2.7.1.6 Proximity to Tourist attraction – – – – 22
2.7.1.7 Tourism related jobs – – – – – 23
2.7.1.8 Contact with tourists or the frequency of contact – – 23
2.7.1.9 Destination Characteristics – – – – 23
2.7.1.10 Visitors Characteristics – – – – – 24
2.8 PERCEPTION IMPACT OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES – 24
2.8.1 Perception of Economic Impact of Tourism Activities – 24
2.8.2 Perception of Environmental Impact Tourism Activities – 25
2.8.3 Perception of Socio- Cultural Impact of Tourism Activities – 25
2.9 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY – – – – 26
2.9.1 Location of Kaduna State – – – – – 26
2.9.2 Location and Size of Southern Kaduna Region – – 27
2.9.3 Relief and Drainage – – – – – – 29
2.9.4 Tourism activities in Kaduna State – – – – 29
2.9.5 Attractions in Southern Kaduna – – – – 30
2.9.6 Kagoro hill – – – – – – – 34
2.9.7 Nok culture – – – – – – – 35
2.9.8 Matsirga Waterfall – – – – – – 38
2.10 RICH FESTIVITIES AND CULTURAL EVENTS – – 39
2.10.1 Ham Cultural Festival (Ham Day) – – – – 39
2.10.2 Kagoro (Afan) National Festival – – – – 41
2.11 Tourism Organizations In Southern Kaduna Region – – 43
2.11.1 Kaduna State Ministry of Culture and Tourism – – 43
2.11.2 Local Government Tourism Committees – – – 45
2.11.3 Community based organization – – – – 45
2.11.4 Accessibility in Southern Kaduna – – – – 46
2.12 ACCOMMODATION IN SOUTHERN KADUNA – – 48
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY – – – – – – 50
3.1 Introduction – – – – – – – 50
3.2 Type of data required and sources – – – – 50
3.3 Method of Data Collection – – – – – 51
3.3.1 Population size, Sample size and sampling technique – 51
3.3.2 Survey Instrument – – – – – – 51
3.4 Method of Data analysis – – – – – 53
3.4.1 Use of SPSS – – – – – – – 53
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION – – – – 54
4.1 Socio-demographic characteristics – – – – 54
4.2 RESIDENTS PERCEPTION OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES – 61
4.3 Residents‟ assessment of the impact of tourism activities and support on tourism activities – 63
4.4 THE RELATIONSHIP TABLE – – – – 64
4.5 Inferences – – – – – – – 66
4.6 STAKEHOLDERS PERCEPTION ON THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES IN THE STUDY AREA – 67
4.6.1 Stakeholders Perception of the Economic impact of Tourism activities – 67
4.6.2 Stakeholders Perception of the Socio cultural impact of Tourism activities — 68
4.6.3 Stakeholders Perception of the Environmental impact of Tourism activities – – 69
4.7 IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS TO TOURISM ACTIVITIES IN SOUTHERN KADUNA 70
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 INTRODUCTION – – – – – – 71
5.1 RECOMMENDATION – – – – – 71
5.2 CONCLUSION – – – – – – 73
5.3 FURTHER RESEARCH AREA – – – – 74
REFERENCE – – – – – – – 75
Appendices – – – – – – – 79
INTRODUCTION
Tourism has received considerable attention over the last decades due to the fact that it is one of the largest and fastest growing industries in the world, (Cordero, 2008).
It is becoming an important component of economic development programs around the world and the driving force behind these phenomena can be attributed to the fact that the tourism business has fueled the economic growth of both the community and the nation (Perdue, 1990), and has additionally played a vital role in social, cultural, and environmental impacts on people, destinations and countries.
These consequences also are due to the fact that better long-term strategic planning for tourism activities must be conducted with a clearer understanding of how community residents perceive and react to the complex phenomena of tourism.
It is important to note that residents in many areas are encountering Tourism‟s impacts and its benefits while others are experiencing impact without benefits (Smith, 1998 in Besculides, 2002).
To gain support on tourism projects and initiatives, many planners now strive to understand how the public perceives tourism activities in the area.
Given the fact that tourism can flourish in an area only with the support of the host residents, it is felt that the perceptions of residents towards tourism activities and its impacts serve as crucially important inputs in identifying the strategic and managerial priorities of tourism development.
In examining the activities of tourism on local residents, previous research tends to focus on a number of areas including economic, social, cultural and environmental factors where both positive and negative perceived impacts are assessed.
REFERENCE
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Bukart, A.J and Medlick S. (1981) Tourism: Past Presnt and the Future. Fakenharm press Limited, Falcemham Norfolk.
Capenerhurst, J. (1994), Community Tourism. In Haywood, L. (Ed.), Community Leisure and Recreation (144-171). Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.
Cavus, S., & Tanrisevdi, A. (2003), Resident’s Attitudes Toward Tourism Development: A Case Study in Kusadasi, Turkey. Tourism Analysis, 7, 259-269.
Cordero J. C. M (2008), Resident perception of Tourism: a critical theoretical and Methodological Review, University Autonoma Del Estado, Toluca, Mexico.
Cooper C. (2000), Residents perception of Tourism Development : the case of Raglan ,New Zealand, University of Waikato Management School, Hamilton
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