– Comparative Effect of Laundering On The Properties of Nigerian And Foreign Made Wax Print Fabrics –
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of conducting this research is to comparatively investigate the effect of laundering on Nigerian and foreign made wax print fabrics.
So as to guide consumers in making good decision when purchasing wax print fabrics and taking proper care of the fabrics.
Six wax print fabrics were used in this research, three made in Nigerian(Nichem, UNTL and Quali wax) and three foreign made namely Hitarget, Deluxe and Hollandiase Vlisco.
The samples were bought from open market, and selected from representative of the ranges in print and quality commercially available in the Nigerian market.
It also revealed that, synthetic detergent, increase time of washing, high temperature of laundering water, and drying under the sun fades wax print fabrics.
Recommendations were made towards improving consumption skill and proper care of wax print fabrics which include the following:
consumers should buy wax print fabrics base on performance end use requirement not based on Nigerian or foreign because some properties are better in Nigerian and some in foreign fabrics.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page – – – – – – – – – i
Declaration – – — – – – – – – iii
Certification – — – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgment – – – – – – – – v
Abstract – – – – – – – – – vii
Table of contents – – – – – – – – viii
Abbreviations – – – – – – – – – x
List of Tables – – – – — – – – – xii
List of Figures- – – – – – – – – xiv
List of Appendix – – – – – – – – xvi
Operational definitions of terms – – – – – – xvii
CHAPTER ONE :INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study – – – – – – 1
1.2 Statement of Problem – – – – – – 4
1.3 Objectives of the Study – – – – – – 6
1.4 Research Questions- – – – – – – – 7
1.5 Significance of the Study- – – – – – – 7
1.6 Basic Assumptions – – – – – – – – 9
1.7 Delimitations of the Study – – – – – – 9
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Fiber, Fabrics, Properties /Performance – – – – 11
2.2 Fabrics Classification, Construction and Finishes – – – – 24
ix
2.3 Clothing and Fabric Care – – – – – – 32
2.4 Dirt, Soil and their Removal – – – – – – – 37
2.5 Laundering, Laundering Agents, Processes
and equipment- – – – – – – – – 39
2.6 Hand Washing – – – – – – – – 54
2.7 Nigerian and Foreign made Wax Print Fabrics – – – – 54
2.8 Empirical Studies – – – – – – – 59
2.9 Summary of Review of Related Literature – – – – 71
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design – – – – – – – 72
3.2 Research Instrument/Equipment/Apparatus – – – – 73
3.3 Materials – – – – – – – – 74
3.3.1 Identification and Collection – – – – – 74
3.4 Experimental Methods – – – – – – 75
3.5 Procedure for Data Analysis – – – – – – 81
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION
4.1 Data Analysis – – – – – – – – 82
4.2 Discussions of the Findings – – – – – – 103
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary – – – – – – – – 109
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – 110
5.3 Recommendations – – – – – – – 111
5.3.1 Suggestion for Further Studies – – – – – 112
5.4 Educational Implication – – – – – – 112
5.5 Limitations of the Study – – – – – – 113
Reference – – – – – – – – 114
Appendix – – – – – – – – 137
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Textile in the form of clothing is among the three basic needs of man, from historical evidences, it has been found that prehistoric people knew how to weave over3000 years ago.
A textile fiber is the basic unit from which fabric is made (Weber 1990). Ogunluyile (2005) stated that textile was derived from the Latin verb ‘texere” which means to weave.
He however, expanded the scope to embrace yarn, fibers and other materials that could be made into fabrics through interlacing, knitting, bonding, felting, tufting and braiding.
Fabrics are the finished product of textiles (Nkeonye 2009). The most common uses of textile product are apparel and home finishing.
Besides these uses, textile products are indispensable to industry, agriculture, transportation, space exploration, health services and other areas (Malfoy 1992).
Weber (1990) Stated that washing fabric or garment by hand or by machine with a soil removing product is called laundering.
As fabrics are used, dirt, soil, grease and perspiration from the body all accumulate to make it dirty. They need to be washed to remove the dirt and make them clean and safe for use again.
REFERENCES
Ajayi, J.O(1988). Objective Evaluation of Surface Characteristics to DetermineSmoothness of Pile Fabrics, Ph.D. Thesis Strathclyde and Sons In PP. 1-10
Ajayi, J.O. (1992). Effect of Fabric Structure on Frictional Properties.Textile ResearchJournal Vol 62 No2. pp 1-8. Published by T.R.I/ Princeton 60/ProspectAvenue P.O Box 625, Princeton, New Jesey
Ajayi, J.O. (1997). Fabric Friction, Handel, and Compression, Journal of TextileInstitute, 88, No3 pp 1-4. Princeton, New Jesey
Akanem, J.E., (1987), The Impact of Traditional Fashion on Contemporary Fashion inNigeria. Unpublished B.A Thesis. Department of Fine and Applied Arts,University of Nigeria Nsukka.
Akerara, B.B (1998). Laundering in Textiles: A Seminar Paper Presented to the Department of Textile Science and Technology A.B.U.
Akuezulio, O.E. and Agu, M. (2003). Research and Statistics in Education and Social Sciences Nuel Centi Publishers and Academic Press Ltd, Awka Nigeria PP 81-108.
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