– Genetics of Some Agronomic and Yield Traits in Rice –
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ABSTRACT
Six rice genotypes (FARO20 and FARO52 as female parents and FARO31, FARO39, FARO45 and FARO46 males) were crossed in a line x tester mating fashion to develop eight (8) F1 hybrids.
The parents along with the F1 population were evaluated during the offseason in 2010 at the screen house of the Institute for Agricultural Research (I.A.R), Samaru in a completely randomized design with three replicates to obtain information on estimates of genetic variations, combining ability, heterosis and heritability.
Data were taken on seedling vigour, plant height, number of tillers, days to 50% flowering, panicle length, panicle weight, yield per plant and 1000grain-weight. Results from the analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits.
This is an indication of the presence of a considerable amount of genetic variability in the materials, which could be used to initiate selection for population improvement.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page………………………………………………………………………..…………… ..i
Declaration………………………………………..………………………….……………………ii
Certification…………………………..…………..………..………………..…….…………iii
Dedication……………………………..………….…..………………………..………….. iv
Acknowledgements……………………………………………….……………..…….………v
Abstract…………………….…………………………..…………………………..………vii
Table of Contents……………………………….…………………………………………viii
List of Tables……………………………………………..…………………………………xi
Abbreviations………………………………………..…………………………………….xii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION………..………………………………….……..…………………………1
1.1 Origin and Distribution of Rice………………………………………………..……….…1
1.2 Taxonomy and Botany of Rice…………………………………..……………..…….…..2
1.3 Economic Importance of Rice………………………………………………….…………4
1.4 Rice Production……………………………………………………..………………….…4
1.5 Justification…………………………………………………………..……………….…..6
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW……………..…………………………..……………………………7
2.1 Genetics and Combining Ability…….…………………………………………………….7
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIALS AND METHODS……….……………..…………………………….…….15
3.1 Experimental Site………………………………………………………………….……15
3.2 Genetic Background and Description of Materials………………………………………….15
3.3 Population Development……………………………………………………….……….15
3.4 Experimental Design…………………………………………………….………………17
3.5 Data Collection………………………………………………………………..…..…….17
3.6 Statistical Analysis………………………………………..……………….…………….18
3.6.1 Estimates of GCA and SCA Effects…………………………………………………..20
3.6.2 Proportional Contributions of Lines, Testers and Line x Tester Interaction………….23
3.6.3 Phenotypic and Genotypic Co-efficient of Variation…………………………………23
3.6.4 Estimation of Heterosis………………………………………………………………..24
3.6.5 Estimation of Heritability……………………………………………………………..25
3.6.6 Genetic Advance………………………………………………………………………26
3.6.7 Estimation of Genotypic and Phenotypic Correlations ………………………………27
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS………………………………………………………………………………….29
4.1 Analysis of Variance…………………………………………………………………….29
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION……………………………………………………………………………….45
CHAPTER SIX
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………….53
REFERENCES………………….…………………………………………………………55
INTRODUCTION
Rice (Oryza sativa Linn) is one of the most important food crops (Gregory et al.,2000). It is the second most important cereal in the world after Wheat (Tritium astivum L.) in terms of production and utilization (Jones, 1995).
Rice is indigenous to south East Asia and has been cultivated for more than seven thousand years (Grist, 1986). The total world production of paddy rice in 2008 was estimated at 685 million metric tons out of which 23 million metric tons were produced in Africa (FAO, 2009).
REFERENCES
Abubakar, M. A. (2002). Estimation of variance components in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.BR.) unpublished MSc. Thesis Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. pp.6.
Acquaah, G. (2007). Principles of plant genetics and breeding Blackwell publishing Ltd. pp.128.
Adair, C. R. (1934). Studies on blooming in rice. J. Amer. Soc. Agron., 26: 963-965.
Africa Rice Center (WARDA), (1998). Report of the First Biennial WARDA/National Experts Committee Meeting: WARDA Technology Transfer Strategy and Evolution of Rice Task Forces. Mbé/Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire, 30-31 Jan. 1998.
Africa Rice Center (WARDA). (2007). Africa Rice Trends: Overview of recent developments in the sub- Saharan Africa rice sector. Africa Rice center Brief.
Cotonou, Benin: Africa Rice Center (WARDA). pp.10.
StudentsandScholarship Team.
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