Relationship Between Socio-Economic Status of Parents and Obesity Status of Their Children.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between parents’ socioeonomic status (SES) and lifestyle habits and the obesity status of children in Uyo metropolis which hither to has not been explored.
A semi-structured questionnaire was used to survey five hundred (500) parents and their children using standards survey instruments including assessment of parents’ educational level, occupation, monthly income level and anthropometric measures.
Lifestyle habits of parents including smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity level and dietary habits were also assessed. Children whose parents were of high socioeconomic status had higher odds of obesity than those whose parents were of low socioeconomic status.
Socioeconomic and lifestyle habits of parents influenced the obesity status of their children. The result showed a positive significance between the obesity status of the children and the higher socioeconomic status of their parents including the lifestyle habits of the parents.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page
Declaration – – – – – – – – – ii
Certification – – – – – – – – iii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – v
Table of Contents – – – – – – – – vi
Abstract – – – – – – – – – viii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study – – – – – – – 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem – – – – – – 2
1.3 Objectives of the Study – – – – – – – 2
1.4 Scope of the Study – – – – – – – 3
1.5 Justification of the Study – – – – – – 3
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of Related Literature – – – – – 5
2.2 Determinants of Childhood Obesity – – – – 8
2.3 Health Risks Associated with Childhood Obesity – – 11
2.4 Causes of Childhood Obesity – – – – – 12
2.5 Symptoms of Childhood Obesity – – – – 13
2.6 Long-term Consequences of Childhood Obesity – – 14
2.7 Social Classes in Nigeria – – – – – – 14
2.8 Prevention of Childhood Obesity I – – – – 15
2.9 Evaluation of Childhood Obesity – – – – 16
2.10 The Effects of Childhood Overweight Obesity – – 18
2.11 Prevention of Childhood Obesity II – – – – 19
CHAPTER THREE: SUBJECTS AND METHODS
3.1 Design and Samples – – – – – – 22
3.2 Measurement of Variables – – – – – 22
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS
4.1 Results – – – – – – – – 24
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION
5.1 Discussion – – – – – – – – 32
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – 35
References – – – – – – – – 36
Appendix
INTRODUCTION
Kimm (2003) describes childhood obesity as an ‘emerging pandemic of the new millennium’. There has been a marked increase in the incidence of obesity in children over the past 20 years (Wilson 2003,
Centre for Reviews and Dissemination 2002) with Caroli and Lagravinese (2002) suggesting that the prevalence of obesity in children and has doubled and that of overweight children has shown an increase of up to 50% obesity is now estimated to affect 20-25% of children (Balaban and Silva 2004).
Childhood obesity is reaching epidemic proportions and is the most prevalent chronic condition affecting health of children and adolescents worldwide.
The rise in childhood obesity has been accompanied by an increase in conditions that were previously almost unheard of among children such as T2DM, dyslipidemia, hypertension, sleep apnea and fatty liver disease.
Moreover, childhood obesity is predictive of adult obesity (Whitaker, 1997). CDC has published BMI chars for children.
Obesity is defined as a BMI equal to or greater than 95th percentile for age and sex. Children with a BMI between 85th and 95th are defined as Overweight.
Socioeconomic status (SES) is an economic and sociological combined total measure of economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education & occupation (NCES, 2008). When analyzing a family’s SES, the household income, earner’s education and occupation are examined (Goode 1999).
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