United Nations and the Politics of Sanctions: The Syrian Debacle

United Nations and the Politics of Sanctions: The Syrian Debacle.

ABSTRACT  

Conflict is never a sign of development but darkness and economic doom to any given state or society, hence it should be treated with high-handedness. United Nations and the Politics of Sanctions the Syrian Debacle is a topical issue in all Cable Networks, both the electronic and the paper media looking for adequate attention and a possible answer due to the battle and face-off between Russia and the US, permanent members of the Security Council. It also shows the bearing of this study, it highlighted.

The introduction, statement of the problem, the objective of the study, the significance of the study, literature review, theoretical framework, method of data collection, conclusion, and recommendations the focus of this study is to access the UN Security Council resolutions in achieving a peaceful regime in Syria in spite of the confusions within the UN Security Council, the broad objective is to ascertain the role of the UN Security Council in the management of the Syrian crisis.

A qualitative method was used to gather data, the findings were characterized by the division of the UN Security Council in spite of their enviable roles in the maintenance of global peace and security. The recommendation, the veto power of the permanent members of the Security Council should be eliminated and a simple majority system should be used under the supervision of great powers such as US, with the cooperation of the permanent members of the Security Council with this peace is achievable.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page – – – – – – – – – – – i
Approval Page- – – – – – – – – – – ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – – – iii
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – – – – iv
Abstract – – – – – – – – – – – v
Tables of Contents – – – – – – – – – – vi

CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – – – 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem – – – – – – – – 5
1.3 Objectives of the Study – – – – – – – – 6
1.4 Significance of the Study – – – – – – – – 6
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study – – – – – – – 7
1.6 Literature Review – – – – – – – – – 7
1.7 Theoretical Framework – – – – – – – – 20
1.8 Hypotheses – – – – – – – – – – 22
1.9 Methods of Data Collection – – – – – – – – 22

CHAPTER TWO
2.1 History of the Syrian State – – – – – – – – 25
2.2 The Origin of the Syrian Crisis – – – – – – – 37
2.3 Origin of the United Nations – – – – – – – – 40

CHAPTER THREE
3.1 UN Doctrine of Collective Security and the Syrian Crisis – – – – 49
3.2 Russia and China Veto is Implicated – – – – – – – 55
3.3 The Interest of Russia in Syria – – – – – – – 58

CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 The Politics of Sanctions and The Assad’s Regime – – – – – 66
4.2 The Politics of Russia and US in Syrian Crisis – – – – – 68
4.3 US, EU and Arab League Sanction Assad’s Regime – – – – – 73

CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations- – – – – – – 82
Bibliography – – – – – – – – – – – 87

INTRODUCTION  

President Bashar al-Assad’s father who came from a poor Alawite family seized power in the 1970 coup. Hafez al-Assad ruled Syria with a firm hand and was accused of numerous human rights abuses over the years, after the death of his father. Basher al-Assad presented himself in the Baath party and was elected unopposed as a reformer when he succeeded his father in 2000. But critics have called any changes largely superficial, and Assad’s crackdown on protesters in March 2011 sparked the current civil war.

Conflict and conflict management have been recognized globally as social problems yearning for immediate attention. ( Dougherty et al 1981:329) describe the conflict as a condition in which one identifiable group of human beings (whether tribal, ethnic, linguistic, religious, socio-economic, political or otherwise) are in conscious opposition to one or more identifiable human groups because these groups are pursuing what are or appear to be incompatible goals.

(Nicholson 1972) “A conflict occurs when there is the interaction between at least two individuals or groups whose ultimate objective differ.” Conflict, which is as old as man, instead of diminishing with the rate of global development, is growing with speed. One wonders what has perpetuated this social cankerworm around the globe. That the emergence of conflicts has been traced to the following factors, the passion for power, wealth, fame, the quest for minority rights, injustice, heterogeneous composition of the states, the quest for ethnic identity, national interest, and a purposeful partitioning of states into fragments by colonial masters.

(Mac-Ogonor 2000:143-154) One of the basic interests of states is the pursuit of security objectives. This involves security against internal revolt and external aggression. However, the international x system is very much concerned with the problem of external aggression or conflict between states. However, it does not neglect internal conflicts due to their possible impact on the international system. 

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