Sex education is a broad term used to describe education about human sexual anatomy, sexual reproduction, sexual intercourse and thus reproduction
In discussing the far reaching implication of exposing the youths to early sex education, we look at youth at risk for early sexual activity and teenage parenthood current research indicates that fifty three percent of families between the ages of 15 and 19 are sexually experienced.
Teenagers at the end of 1980s were likely to be sexually active than teenagers at the beginning of the decade despite the advent of programs to encourage sexual abstinence during this same time period
Moreover, each year approximately one out of ten teenage girls between the
gages of 15 and 19 become pregnant, given the high rate of teenage pregnancies, an important question the needs to be addressed
What factors put teenage pregnancy? The purpose of this presentation is to review what is known about factors related to sexual activity among teenagers . we propose that a risk focused ecological perspective is useful for understanding teenage sexuality
Characteristics of the teens and of their families are predictive of which teens and of their families are predicative of which teens are sexually active
In addition, factors outside the family such as schools, work, and neighborhood characteristics can influence rates of sexual activity among teens . the ecological perspective is not only useful for thinking about how the problem can be addressed
Overview of an ecological risk. Focus approach
KAREN; the question we will Begin with today is do we know enough to prevent early adolescent sexual activity? Today WP do like to talk with you about a way of thinking about prevention. David Hawkins and his colleagues at the University of Washington bring other fields for effective prevention techniques. The heart and lung disease prevention models that were being pioneered at Stanford and other places across the country seemed to hold promise.
Their approach differed from other approaches in that if focused on factors that increase the risk of heart disease, a family history of heart disease, too much smoking too little exercise, a diet high in fat.
What was interesting about this approach is what studies indicated about this approach is that studies indicated that people understand the importance of exercise and diet, and by promoting lifestyle changes. The care of the risk focused prevention approach is quite simple. To prevent a problem from happening in the first place, identify the factors that increase the risk of that problem and then address those factors either eliminate them or reduce their effects or identify factors that protect against that problem and support or enhance those factors.
Thus according to Steve this leads to the question, will the approach that began in the health arena also work in human development”
The clear message from the literature on child development is that human development is not influenced by one factor buy by a whole mosalic of factors (Bronfenbrenner, 1986, Segal, 1983) Children grow up not in isolation, but in every widening environments children grow up, not in isolation, but in ever widening environments, children are influenced first and foremasts. Children are influenced first and foremost by their peers, their school and work settings, and community in which they live. Development has no single cause rather multiple factors working together influence development
THE ECOLOGICAL MODEL
If we are serious about preventing teen pregnancy and delaying early adolescent sexual activity, this model suggests the need to address risk factors at multiple levels of childs ecology
DEFINITION OF RISK FACTORS
What do we mean by risk factors risk factors are individual or environmental hazards that increase a youngsters vulnerability to negative developmental outcomes or problems. The presence of risk factors does not guarantee a negative developmental outcome, but rather increases the odds or probabilities that a problem will occur (Werner, 1990)
Definition of protective factors protective factors are individual or environmental safeguards that enhance a youngsters ability to resist stressful life events and hazards and promote adaptation and competence (Garmezy, 1983) weren’t, 1990) protective factors are some times the opposite of risk factors are sometimes the opposite of risk factor, the main difference however, is that risk factors lead directly to disorder while protective factors operate only when a risk is present (Ruther 1987)
An ecological risk focused approach also assumes that risk factors are cumulative and sometimes multiplicative
Conclusion the more risk individuals face, the greater the likelihood that they will experience a problem. Similarly, the more protective factors individuals posses the less likely they are to experience a problem when faced with stressful events or hazardous conditions
REFERENCES
Wilson W.J 919870 the truly disadvantaged Chicago university of Chicago press
Keeywords; staff training at risk
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