WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY OF KNOWLEDGE – SOCIAL SCIENCE – PSYCHOLOGY

The sociology of knowledge about Kari Mannheim is  the   study of the relationship between  thought  and the social  context within which it arise and of the effects prevailing  ideas have on society. It is not a specialized area of sociology but instead deals with broad  fundamental questions about the extent and limits of special  influences on individuals live and the social –cultural   basics  of our  knowledge about the world.

The sociology of knowledge   was pioneered  primarily by   the sociologists Emil Durkheim and Marcerl mans at the end of the 19th  and beginning of the  20th  centuries.  Their word  deal

directly with how conceptual through   language and logic could be influenced by the sociological milieu out of which they arise. “Primitive”  group mythology to argue  that system of classification are collectively based and that the division with these systems are derived form social categories.

Karl Mannheim ideas in believed that relativism  was a  strange mixture of modern and ancient beliefs in that it contained  within itself a belief in an absolute truth which was true for all times and place  the ancient view most often associated  with Plato and condemned other truth  claims  because they could not achieve  this level.

ACCORDING TO KARL MANNHEIM( 1893-1947)

According to Plato in the study of knowledge:  knowledge is called epistemology Plato famously   defined knowledge as “justified true belief however, no single agreed upon definition of knowledge exists through there are numerous theories to explain it.  The  following quote form Bertrand Russell’s theory of knowledge” illustrates the difficulty in defining knowledge:  the question how  knowledge should be defined as perhaps the most important and  difficult of the three with which we shall deal.

Knowledge acquisition involves complex cognitive process perception, communication, association and reasoning while knowledge is also said to be related to the capacity   of acknowledgment for human being  

ACCORDING TO PLATO ( 427BC – 347BC) 
      

KNOWLEDGE 

Knowledge is a familiarity with  someone or  something, which  can include  facts, information, descriptions, or skills acquired through experiences or education,   it can  refer to the theoretical  or practical understanding of a subject. It can be implicit (as with practical skill or expertise  ) or explicit (as  with the theoretical  understanding of a subject ),  it can be more or less formal or systematic (1) in philosophy,  the study of knowledge is called epistemology; the  philosopher Plato famously defined knowledge as  “justified true  belief”.  However, no single agreed upon definition  of  knowledge exists, through there are numerous theories to explain it.  The  following quote from Bertrand Russell’s “theory of knowledge”  illustrates the difficulty  in defining knowledge”

Knowledge acquisition involves complex cognitive processes: perception, communication, association and reasoning; while knowledge is also said  to  be related to the capacity of acknowledgment  in human beings (2)

Theories of knowledge

Robert Reid, knowledge (1896). Thomas Jefferson building, Washington, D.C 

Knowledge is like a rough diamond  will never be worn or shone,  if it is not polished  lord chesterfield

Knowledge is like a fire which must  finish be kindled by some external agent, but which will after wants propagate  itself  Samuel Johnson letter to Williams Drummond August 23, 1766

The  knowledge of  man is like the waters some descending form above, and some springing from beneath the one informed  by the light of nature the other  inspired by divine revelation Francis Bacon

Knowledge is a familiarity with someone or something, which can include facts, information, descriptions or skills acquired through experience or education. It can be implicit as with practical skill or expertise) or explicitly (as with the theoretical understanding   of a subject and it can be more or less formal or systematic.

There are no limits to his knowledge, on small subject as well as great ) he  is  like a book in breeches Sydney Smith  Abt Macaulay

Follow  knowledge, like a  sinking  star beyond the  utmost bound of human thought Alfred  Lord Tennyson

Facts information and  skills acquired  through experience  or education   the theoretical or practical understanding   of a subject 

ROBERT REID, (1896)

According to Emil Durkheim seen that sociology knowledge is the study of  the relationship  between  human thought  and the social context within which it  arises  and of  the effect prevailing ideas have on societies.

It is  not a specialized area of sociology   but instead  deals with broad fundamental questions about  the extent  and limited  of social influences on individual lives and the social culture basics of our knowledge about the world. While neither author specifically coined nor used the term sociology of knowledge their work is an important first contribution to  the field.

The  ideas of Emil Durkherim is concern in functional  analysis in involved in valv-judgments and oversteps  and oversteps the realm  of empirical discipline the claiming that all aspects  of a society institution roles norms etc  should serve a purpose and that all are indiscipline the claiming that all aspects of  a society institution roles  norms etc should  serve a purpose and that all are indispensable for the long time survival  of  the society., (1938-17)  Emil claimed that the standard of  ethical conduct should come from social facts., our ideas  of ethics must be  derived form the observable manifestation of the rule that are functioning  under our eyes,  rules that reproduce them  in systematic form (1938-23).

ACCORDING TO EMIL DURKHEIM (1933-17)

According to Marx Weber it is possible to say anything   useful and general about the subject matter and scope of sociology could  we say for i.e  the sociology   is the discipline  that uses empirical  methods to arrive at hypotheses and theories about  major social groups, social processes and social patterns or does a definition like this suffer  from both too much abstraction and too much specificity.

The philosophy are interested in considering  general question like these because it reflects a basic intellectual   strategy with a long tradition in philosopher to attempt to formulate a description or  definition of a  certain kind of intellectual pursuit and then to consider the means through  which this  goal  might be satisfied.

The ideas of Marx Weber is  interest about  the must be traced to  the life-condition and the historical situations of those  who uphold them. For examples its not sufficient to state that the ideas of bourgeoisie   distinction must be make between those ideas that emerge at the beginning of the  bourgeois era and those that come at it height.

ACCORDING TO MARX WEBER (1946-1949)

In sociology deals  with the social and group origins of  ideas in its brief history as  a  field of study it has  included  the  entire ideational realm (knowledge ideas,  theories and mentalities)  in an attempt to comprehend hold that realm is  related to particular social and how the mental life of a  group of  people arise within the context  of the groups and  institutions in which those people  live and act.  Moreover   recently its subjected   matter has included   not only a society’s  authoritative ideas   and formal knowledge but also which operate in the realm of everyday life (Swidler A.  Arditi) ideas of the social natural of knowledge the sociology  of knowledge has  been described as an approach or   sub-discipline that has no unified field but  only series of theoretical works and research agendas. Despite this characterization  the sub-discipline of the  sociology of    knowledge  is a recognized field of endeavor that  continues to draw new generations of  sociologist .

ACCORDING TO SWIDLER A. ARDITI (1994-2003)

According  to merton-1945-1957  is that sociology of   knowledge its  a study  only are insofar as it  explains  the time and circumstance of its emergence, acceptance or observation.  

It can be sad lesson is the importance of the human spirit. Mannherims sociology   of knowledge in contrast has  a  dual  program on the one hand, it may  limit itself to scheler’s   alongside of this value –free conception of relations between organized claims about the truth of things and the social  activity environment such cultural production massive  fact that any philosophical   theory of  knowledge must recognize   and that the sociology  of knowledge consequently come upon central epistemological and metaphysical problem of  knowledge even if it begins with the more modest  ambitions  in the manner of academic sociology.

The Merton idea was concern the present chapter  will not  retry  the philosophical case frequently made against  we  are content to reopened, most   recently in the name  of most structuralize  and postmodernist movement of thought. 

We  proceed to a reconstruction of sociology   of  knowledge secure in the belief  that  he is  exemplary in his honesty about difficulties encountered in the attempt to distinguish his unfinished philosophical.

ACCORDING TO ROBERT  MERTON (1945-1957)

According to Macmillan (Karl Emil Weber)  noted  that the importance of subjectivity  in social sciences makes creation of fool proof,  universal law much more difficult than a natural sciences and that the among of  objective knowledge that social science may achieve  his precariously limited 

            There is no absolutely  “objective” scientific analysis  of culture … all knowledge of  cultural reality  is   always   knowledge from the   particular points of view  an   objective  analysis of culture invents which  proceeds  according to the thesis that the idea of   sciences is the  reduction of empirical reality to laws  is meaningless because  knowledge of social laws is not knowledge of social   reality but is rather  attaining this end. Max Weber,  1897

ACCORDING TO MAXMIKLLIAN (KARL EMIL WEBER (1864-1920)

The sociology of knowledge about Kari Mannheim is  the   study of the relationship between  thought  and the social  context within which it arise and of the effects prevailing  ideas have on society. It is not a specialized area of sociology but instead deals with broad  fundamental questions about the extent and limits of special  influences on individuals live and the social –cultural   basics  of our  knowledge about the world.

The sociology of knowledge   was pioneered  primarily by   the sociologists Emil Durkheim and Marcerl mans at the end of the 19th  and beginning of the  20th  centuries.  Their word  deal directly with how conceptual through   language and logic could be influenced by the sociological milieu out of which they arise. “Primitive”  group mythology to argue  that system of classification are collectively based and that the division with these systems are derived form social categories.

Karl Mannheim ideas in believed that relativism  was a  strange mixture of modern and ancie
nt beliefs in that it contained  within itself a belief in an absolute truth which was true for all times and place  the ancient view most often associated  with Plato and condemned other truth  claims  because they could not achieve  this level.

REFERENCES

 Rules for the Study of Natural Philosophy”, Newton  1999

pp.794-6,  from the General Scholium,  which follows Book

3, the  System of the World.

PLATO (427BC-347 BC)

Karl Mannheim(1893-1947)GB 172 MAN. DATES OF  CREATION,

(193)1946

Robert Merton (1945-1957) Robert Reid, knowledge (1896).

Thomas Jefferson building, Washington, D.C

Marx Weber (1946-1949) black expressions at book club

Emil Durkheim (1933-17)

Be the first to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published.


*