Women in Management Positions: Challenges and Prospects.

Women in Management Positions: Challenges and Prospects.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to find out about women in management  positions, challenges and prospects. In the process of this research work, the researcher formulated three research questions, and sample sizes of 50 respondents all randomly selected were used.

Questionnaires were used to get the opinion of respondents on the research questions posed by the researcher. In testing the opinion of the respondents, the researcher discovered that majority of the respondents believed that women have been making effort towards getting to top management positions despite all the constraints.

Both secondary and primary data were used in the process of this work. Chi-square method of analysis was employed in the process of data analysis for the test of hypotheses.

Based on the data analyzed, the researcher found out that there are numerous challenges, among which are lack of proper child care services by government and various organizations, the stress of combining home management, child bearing and care with work, gender discrimination, socio-cultural, religious barriers etc.

These challenges faced by women hinder growth in their various career choices.

As a result of these findings, the researcher is of the opinion that there should be no discrimination against women during employment and that appointments should be based on merit and not on gender.

That employers of labour should create deregulated atmosphere that would enable both men and women to attain management positions within the organizational framework through fair and healthy competition.

Finally, that there should be public education for both men and women on the dangers of gender discriminations and its effect on organizations and society in general.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE——–i

TITLE PAGE —- ii

CERTIFICATION —- iii

APPROVAL PAGE —— iv

DEDICATION ————– v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ———– vi

ABSTRACT—————- vii

TABLE OF CONTENT—————— viii
LIST OF TABLES—————xi

CHAPTER ONE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.1 INTRODUCTION—————————————– 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM——————- 4
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROBLE———————– 4
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS—————————– 4
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES—————————- 5
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ——————— 5
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY——————————– 5
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY———————— 6
CHAPTER REFERNCE ———————————– 7

CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 

2.1 INTRODUCTIONS———————————–8
2.2 GENDER AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES ———–8
2.3 PERCEPTIONS OF WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT POSITION ——— 11
2.4 CONSTRAINTS TO WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT POSITIONS AND THE WAY FORWARD- 14
CHAPTER REFERENCE———————20

CHAPTER THREE RESEARCHER DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTIONS ———————23
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN——————————23
3.3 POPULATION OF THE STUDY—————-23
3.4 DETERMINATION OF THE SAMPLE SIZE——24
3.5 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION———24
3.6 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF DATA INSTRUMENT—24
3.7 PROCEDURE FOR DATA ANALYSIS——————25

CHAPTER FOUR DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 INTRODUCTION —————————————26
4.2 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS——–26
4.3 TEST OF HYPOTHESES——————34

CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 INTRODUCTION ———————–40
5.2 SUMMARY OF THE STUDY ———40
5.3 CONCLUSION ————————41
5.4 RECOMMENDATION ——————-42
BIBLIOGRAPHY —————————44

INTRODUCTION

There is a general feeling that despite the Beijing 1995, many organizations are still gender sensitive (Ifedili, 2009).

Law and customs make it much harder for women to access the factors of production and obtain education, training, information and health care in order to play a full role in the economy and in society in general (Mamounata and Natacha, 2002).

This is coupled with that they are regarded as the weaker sex who can not perform certain role or undertake certain difficult tasks. This perception has unfortunately given the men undue leverage over women who by this very fact have been relegated to the background.

Years ago in Africa, there was disappropriate share of responsibilities  born by women as they seek to combine both productive and reproductive responsibilities within an inadequate resource base.

There is no doubt that significant progress has been achieved in furthering the cause of gender equality in the labour market over recent decades. Women have been moving steadily into occupations, professions, and managerial jobs previously reserved for men.

Women access to education and training continues to improve, providing many with the necessary qualification to aspire to jobs in senior management.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ajibade, E. S. (1992): Women Education in Nigeria: The Need for a Higher Premium

Akinfenwa, O. B. (2005): The Role of Women in Family Management  and Child Training in African Religion and Christianity.www.unilorin.edu.ng

Ambe-Uva, T. N., Iwuchukwu, O. and Jibrin, L. J. (2008). Gender Analysis in National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN): Implications and Policy Issues in Bridging the Divide. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 4 (7): 814-825.

Amon-Nikoi, G. (1998). Women and Work in Africa. Damachi, U.G. and Diejemoah, V. P. (Eds). New York: Human Resources and African development.

Andrew, C., (1998), “Women and the Welfare State”, Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique, 17(4): pp. 667-683.