Modeling of Cold Welding and Lamination of Organic and Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Structures.
ABSTRACT
This research work presents the results of analytical studies of effects of pressure and adhesion energy on the interfacial properties of cold welded and laminated surfaces in organic and Hybrid Organic/Inorganic electronic structures. The analytical modeling is based on the physics of elastic behaviour of a cantilever beam.
The energy balance approach was employed to model the surface contacts in Hybrid Organic/Inorganic structures, HOISOLs, and Organic Light Emitting Diodes, OLEDs. The results show that pressure can be used to alter the morphology and adhesive energies of cold-welded and laminated organic and hybrid electronic devices.
This model also provides new insights into how the presence of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles affects the adhesion and contact profile of layered HOISOLs electronic structures.
INTRODUCTION
Energy is an important feature in life, and it is needed for applications in the industries, agriculture, transport services and other applications.
Energy ranks the top societal need for the past five decades.Eventually, clean, renewable energy including solar energy, wind energy and fossil fuel becomes a prime issue. A promising candidate among these renewable energy technologies is solar energy.
This is because the sun is an abundant resource on earth. In every minute, the sunlight that reaches the earth’s surface is enough to meet the world’s energy demand for a whole year.
Solar energy provides clean electricity from photovoltaic panels for applications in industry, business centres, and homes to replace power generated by coal, oil and nuclear plants.
Since the use of these forms of energy results in serious air pollution, waste, damming of rivers, and environmental drawbacks, such as global warming, which is related to the emission of carbon dioxide, CO2, there is a need to explore alternative energy approaches, such as solar energy.
Some of the advantages of solar cells include: their potential for long term applications (up to 35 years) in on-grid and off-grid areas; their lack of emissions, and their relatively low maintenance costs, which is associated with their lack of moving parts.
The sun is the earth’s nearest star and the source of virtually all the Earth’s energy. It produces ~ 3.8 x1023 kW of power via nuclear fusion reactions.
Our planet receives about 1.2×1017 W of solar power, while the worldwide energy consumption is about 10,000 times smaller at 12 1.3×1013W. This means that the earth receives more solar energy in an hour than the total energy it consumes in an entire year.
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